This report described the nursing experience of utilizing Roy's Adaptation Model on a patient with an initial diagnosis of esophageal cancer. This patient was admitted into intensive care unit because of difficulty of breathing and intubation. The period of nursing caring was from June 5 to 15, 2016. Data were collected through observation, listening, interviews, and a physical assessment. During hospitalization, the patient experienced physical pain and negative emotion because of the deterioration of the disease and death threats and the patient's family members suffered from patient's unstable disease progression. Thus, pain, hopelessness, and primary care giver's anticipatory grief were confirmed as major nursing care problems. During the nursing care process, the authors used pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapy, such as aromatherapy to relieve patient's pain. At the same time, the author established a mutual trust nurse-patient therapeutic relationship, provided accompany, and gave appropriate information and emotional support to the patient and family, providing them with an understanding of the disease progress, possible complications, and recovery process to enhance the tolerance of disease adaptation, patient self-esteem, and family confidence. This experience provides useful information for other clinical nurses who care similar patients to enhance the quality of care.