2020 年 1 月，中國武漢爆發 COVID-19 疫情，並在數週內擴散至廣州、
上海、北京等各大城市，引發大規模恐慌。就某個角度而言，疫情是近年國
際情勢變化詭譎的導火線，其牽動美中兩強的大國政治，進而影響日本、香
港和台灣等。中國崛起對國際結構的影響是其中的關鍵因素。而相對中國崛
起則是美國的衰退。在前述背景下，本文試說明 COVID-19 對中國的發展所
造成的影響，以及新情勢對日中關係可能帶來的機會和挑戰。本文分為五部
分進行論述。第一部分回顧疫情發展迄今對中國造成的政治經濟衝擊。其次，
內容轉向國際和國內因素兩個層面，討論疫情如何結合一帶一路和香港「反
送中」運動等議題，進而對中國崛起帶來影響。第三部分接續討論疫情對日
中關係發展的影響，並指出在疫情加劇中美競爭和新冷戰形成的情況下，日
中兩國改善關係似乎愈顯艱難。結論展望日中關係在後疫情時代的可能發展。

In January 2020, the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic broke out in Wuhan
and over the span of several weeks, infections spread across Guangzhou, Shanghai,
Beijing and other major cities in China. In hindsight, the COVID-19 pandemic
sparked the fluidity of international relations in recent years. Developments
involved great power politics between the United States and China and extended
to Japan, Hong Kong and Taiwan. In the process, China rising is a critical factor,
as well as the decline of the US. In the noted context, this article discusses the
influences of the pandemic on China’s development and the implications for Japan-
China relations. The discussion progresses in five parts. Part one reviews the
political and economic implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for China. Part
two extends from the previous section and looks at the Belt and Road Initiative and
the Anti-Chinese movement in Hong Kong, noting how the pandemic intertwined
with both issues and created challenges for China. Based on the foregoing sections,
part three discusses the influences of the COVID-19 pandemic on Japan-China
relations. This article points out that the pandemic has facilitated the competition
between the US and China and development of the New Cold War, which in turn
makes the improvement in Japan-China relations ever more difficult. The final
section concludes with some prospects for Japan-China relations in the near future.