Scientific Knowledge and Policy Making: A Case Study of Air Pollution Epidemiology_

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題名：	Scientific Knowledge and Policy Making: A Case Study of Air Pollution Epidemiology
書刊名：	中國行政評論
作者：	丘昌泰
出版日期：	1992
卷期：	2:1
頁次：	頁53-112
主題關鍵詞：	帉染；制定；知識；空氣；政策；流行病學；科學
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:0 點閱:18

　　　　　政策研究與政策制定的區別長久以來就是社會科學家的研究主題。政策研究者創造以科學為基礎的知識，政策制定者則以經驗知識為基礎制定決策。本文作者選擇美國環保當局自一九六○年至一九九○年所從事的有關空氣污染流行病學的實證研究；在研究方法上，作者運用互註法，以典範理論為基礎，將一一九項經驗研究劃分為主流與非主流的研究。其次，則分析此兩種研究類型之研究成果被運用在空氣防治污染政策的情形。本文之研究假設為：研究類型與研究應用具統計上的顯著關係。研究結果的確證實此一假設是成立的。詳言之，研究的貢獻取向、研究的政策意涵或概念上的應用等指標均具統計上的顯著性。最後，我們發現政策制定與政策研究之間的鴻溝是存在的。因之，本文試圖建立彌補差距模式以縮短科學知識與政策制定的差距。

以文找文

　　　　　The distinction between policy research and policy marking has long been the topics of social scientists. The policy researcher tends to produce science-based knowledge. while policy maker tends to make decisions based on experiential knowledge. This author. collecting 119 cases from the studies of air pollution-health effects. employs co-citation analysis to identify mainstream versus non-mainstream studies during 1960 to 1990. 47 studies were identified as mainstream research. while 72 studies were non-mainstream research. The next task. using metaanalysis, is to analyze the utilization of studies of air pollution epidemiology on anti-air pollution policy making between mainstream and non-mainstream studies. The hypothesis formulated is this: Statistically significant relationship between types of studies versus research utilization can be found. Our result indeed support the hypothesis: The relationships between types of studies and indices of research utilization. especially the contribution of a study. policy-orientation of a study, or conceptual use, are statistically significant. Thus a gap between policy-making and policy research exists. Finally. a gap-bridging model is established to link the descrepancies be tween scientific knowledge and policy making.

以文找文

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圖書論文
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