The Effects of Video Instruction on College Students' Oral English Performance_

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題名：	The Effects of Video Instruction on College Students' Oral English Performance
書刊名：	高雄師大學報
作者：	蘇碧瓊
出版日期：	1995
卷期：	6
頁次：	頁287-313
主題關鍵詞：	口語；大學生；表達能力；英語；教學；錄影媒體
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:0 點閱:57

　　　　　本研究採實驗法，旨在探討接受錄影媒體教學的實驗組與未接受錄影媒體教學的控制組在英語口語表達能力及情意發展有何差異，以瞭解錄影媒體輔助英語口語教學之成效。本研究對象為國立高雄師範大學英語系二年級學生，共七十二名。以隨機取樣法將學生分為實驗組與控制組各三十六名，進行教學實驗十八週。其假設為實驗組經由錄影媒體教學其口語表達能力將比控制組經由錄音媒體教學表現優異，且具統計上之顯著差異。測驗工具包括口試和情意發展問卷。研究結果發現: 1.口語方面，在七種變項中實驗組比控制組發音清晰、用字恰當、文法正確、內容具體。同時肢體語言運用較自然，講話時較能放鬆有自信，並樂於溝通。 2.情意發展方面，實驗組在口語表達時的情緒緊張程度比控制組低。本研究發現印證了錄影帶的使用可幫助學生提昇其英語口語表達能力，並減少其表達時侷促不安的情況，其原因為錄影帶提供學習者具體而接近真實的會話模式。最後本研究建議進行口語教學時，可利用錄影帶靜止的畫面，提供學習者注意肢體語言的應用;選擇教學錄影帶時除了要注意其內容需適合學習者的年齡及英語程度外，也要注意錄影帶本身的品質，如說話者口齒清晰、用語自然等。

以文找文

　　　　　This was a pretest-posttest randomized control group study toinvestigate whether video instruction would help Chinese collegestudents: (a) improve their oral performance; and (b) become lessinhibited when they were communicating to their interlocutors. The subjects for this study were seventy-two sophomore studentsmajoring in English at National Kaohsiung Normal University, Taiwan,the Republic of China. The experimental group learned Englishspeaking skills through video instruction; the control group, via audioinstruction. The findings indicated that: 1. Among seven variables related to oral performance-clarity of pronunciation, relevance of content, appropriate vocabulary, grammatical correctness, relaxation and confidence, appropriate body language, and eagerness to communicate, the experimental group performed better than the control group. 2. The students in the experimental group did become much less nervous than those in the control group when communicating with their interlocutors. It was suggested that we teachers do well to turn to a specialfunction, the freeze-frame device, of the video equipment to developstudents' awareness of the paralinguistic features so that when theyspeak in front of a group, they know not only what to respond to, butalso how to respond. In addition, when we select videotapes: (a) we have to be careful to select videotape exercises with roles andlanguage requirements within students' own reach and field ofexperience; and (b) we have to pay attention to the following elements-whether or not: the language is "real," that is, used by native speakersin their daily lives; the scene or the situation is contextualized; thecharacters speak in a clear and natural way; the content is attractiveand interesting to students; and the pictures and sound are clear.

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Welch, B.(1987)。Self-confrontation: video in the language classroom。Journal of Educational Techniques and Technologies，20(1)，47-51。
2.	Bevan, V.(1986)。Purpose-made videos for English language teaching。ELT Journal，40(2)，156-167。
3.	Byrnes, H.(1992)。Recent trends in language testing: the case of testing oral language。IALL Journal of Language Learning Technologies，25(1)，15-29。
4.	Carrell, P. L.、Eisterhold, J. C.(1983)。Schema theory and ESL reading pedagogy。TESOL Quarterly，12(4)，403-413。
5.	Cline, W. J.(1991)。Interactive video: One monitor or two?。Journal of Language Learning Technologies，24(3)，25-33。
6.	Dollard, J.(1991)。Create a video lab on a shoe-string budget。IALL，24(1)，35-41。
7.	Eisenstein, M.(1987)。Learning English with an invisible teacher: an experimental video approach。System，15(2)，209-216。
8.	Gunter, B.(1980)。Remembering televised news: effects of visual format on information gain。Journal of Educational Television，6(1)，8-11。
9.	Joiner, E. G.(1990)。Choosing and using videotexts。Foreign Language Annals，23(1)，53-62。
10.	Jun, H.(1987)。A video-and computer-aided English course。ELT Journal，41(1)，37-45。
11.	Kozman, R. B.(1991)。Learning with media。Review of Educational Research，61(2)，179-211。
12.	Lindenau, S. E.(1987)。Video in languages for business and the professions。Premiere，51-57。
13.	Little, D.、Davis, E.(1986)。Interactive video for language learning: the autotutor project。System，14(1)，29-34。
14.	MacWilliam, L.(1986)。Video and language comprehension。ELT Journal，40(2)，131-135。
15.	Mantle-Bromley, C.(1992)。Preparing students for meaningful cultural learning。Foreign Language Annals，25(2)，117-127。
16.	March, C.(1989)。Some observations on the use of video in the teaching of modern languages。British Journal of Language Teaching，27(1)，13-17。
17.	Sarkisian, E.(1984)。Training foreign teaching assistants: using videotape to observe and practice communicating and interacting with students。On TESOL，84，325-331。
18.	Searls, D. T.、Mead, N. A.、Ward, B.(1985)。The relationship of students' reading skills to TV watching, leisure time, and homework。Journal of Reading，29，158-162。
19.	Su, P. C.(1994)。The effects of visual elements on English listening comprehension: videotape-testing versus audiotape-testing。National Kaohsiung Normal University Journal，5，263-287。
20.	Terroux, G.(1988)。Video courses for training ESL teacher。TESL Talk，11，208-215。
21.	Tsui, C. I.(1991)。Conducting a training program in English oral presentation to high-technology industry professionals。English Teaching and Learning，15(3)，46-55。
22.	Tudor, I.(1986)。Framework for the exploitation of video in the language classroom。British Journal of Language Teaching，24(1)，19-24。

會議論文
1.	Stempleski, S.(1987)。Short takes: using authentic video in the English class。The 21st Annual Meeting of the International Association of Teachers of English as a Foreign Language，(會議日期: 1987/04/12-04/14)。Westende。
2.	Stoller, F. L.(1990)。Films and videotapes in the content-based ESL/EFL classroom。English Teaching Forum，(會議日期: 1990/10/10-10/14)。
3.	Andre, S.(1986)。Teaching through interactive pictures: computer, video and human realities。A meeting of the international association of teachers of English as a foreign language。
4.	Coll, J.(1988)。The use in video as a reading tool in Spanish intermediate course。The Annual Conference on the Teaching of Foreign Languages and Literatures。
5.	Rice, A. M.(1992)。Video teaching activities with Family Album, U.S.A.。A video seminar，Ladder Co. 。Taipei：Ladder Co.。
6.	Su, P. C.(1993)。Video in English language teaching。The English education seminar，The English Department, National Kaohsiung Normal University 。

圖書
1.	Cohen, A. D.(1982)。Testing language ability in the classroom。Rowley, Massachusetts：Newbury House Publishers, Inc.。
2.	Brown, J. D.(1988)。Understanding research in second language learning: A teacher's guide to statistics and research design。New York：Cambridge University Press。
3.	Chang, H. T.(1991)。Audio-visual education and instructional media。Taipei：Wunan Books Publishing company。
4.	Goodlad, J.(1984)。A place called school。New York：McGraw-Hill。
5.	Harris, D. P.(1969)。Testing English as a second language。New York：McGraw-Hill Book Company。
6.	Henning, G.(1987)。A guide to language testing: development, evaluation, research。Boston, Massachusetts：Heinle & Heinle Publishers。
7.	Jacques, J.-C.(1990)。The use of the video camera with students. A paper presented at TESOL convention。San Francisco, California。
8.	Littlewood, W. T.(1981)。Communicative language teaching。Cambridge University Press。
9.	Lonergan, J.(1989)。Video in language teaching。Cambridge University Press。
10.	Ministry of Education(1993)。Education in the Republic of China。Bureau of Statistics。
11.	Moore, G. W.(1983)。Developing and evaluating educational research。Boston, Massachusetts：Little, Brown and Company。
12.	Parks, S.、Bates, G.、Thibeault, A.、Wholey, M.(1990)。On track 1: video activity book。Oxford University Press。
13.	Stempleski, S.、Tomalin, B.(1990)。Video in action: recipes for using video in language teaching。Cambridge University Press。
14.	Su, P. C.(1992)。The effectiveness of role-play activities in learning English as a foreign language by Chinese college students。Taipei：The Crane Publishing Co., Ltd.。
15.	Tomalin, B.(1990)。Video, TV & radio in the English class。Macmillan Publishers Ltd.。
16.	Trenaman, J. M.(1967)。Communication and comprehension。London：Longman。
17.	Tsui, C. J.(1990)。English communication skills: needs of professionals in Taiwan's high-technology industry。Hsinchu：National Chiao-Tung University。
18.	Underhill, N.(1987)。Testing spoken language。Cambridge University Press。
19.	Weir, C.(1993)。Understanding & developing language tests。New York：Prentice-Hall。
20.	Krashen, Stephen D.(1985)。The input hypothesis: Issues and implications。Longman：Laredo。

單篇論文
1.	Westerfield, K.(1987)。Receptive/Productive skill development using case studies and a video method(ED 293 364)。
2.	Westerfield, K.(1989)。A videocase approach to ESP/Business(ED 324 946)。
3.	Chung, U.(1985)。An introduction to interactive video(ED 278 251)。
4.	Coughlin, J. M.(1989)。Recent development in interactive and communicative CALL: hypermedia and "Intelligent" system(ED 313 909)。
5.	Gale, L. E.，Brown, B. L.(1985)。A theory of learning and skill-acquisition applied to interactive video: activities at the David O. Mckay Institute, Brigham Young University(ED 278 252)。
6.	Gillespie, J.(1985)。Self-produced videotapes in second language instruction(ED 278 243)。
7.	Leaney, C.，Strange, J.(1988)。Video in action. The Bell Education Trust Academic Reports(ED 312 891)。
8.	Otten, A.(1988)。Use of radio plays and video tapes in intermediate French and German classes(ED 318 221)。
9.	Pelletier, R. J.(1990)。Video in the evaluation process(ED 316 022)。
10.	Tanner, J.(1985)。Where's the video: A review of resource for foreign language teaching(ED 278 244)。

其他
1.	Kelty, J.(1991)。Family Album, U.S.A.，New York：Maxwell Macmillan International Publishing Group。

圖書論文
1.	Wilson, P. T.、Anderson, R. C.(1986)。What they don't know will hurt them: The role of prior knowledge in comprehension。Reading comprehension: from research to practice。Hillside, New Jersey：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。
2.	Canale, M.(1983)。From communicative competence to communicative language pedagogy。Language and Communication。Longman Group, Limited。
3.	Grice, H. P.(1975)。Logic and conversation。Syntax and Semantics (Vol. 3): Speech Acts。New York：Academic Press。
4.	Huang, T. L.(1986)。Technical instructional media and teaching English language。Applied linguistics & teaching English language。Taipei：The Crane Publishing Co., Ltd.。
5.	Sturtridge, G.(1981)。Role-play and simulations。Communication in the classroom: Applications and methods for a communicative approach。Longman。

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