The university press is examined from the following perspectives: the environment of the conventional scholarly publishing; the growth of university press and the new technologies affecting it; the position of the university press; and a summary of some of the uses that will need to be dealt with as the possibility of a scholarly publishing community grows. It should be noted that no single perspective of a complex organization such as a university press provides sufficient information to build a complete picture of the organization. In Taiwan, the university press sector consists of publishing divisions of universities but often with tenuous links with their host universities. The shift of library's capabilities in the aspect of information service and function has become the nightmare of university press. The study stated the possibility of a kind of "University Press Library" or "Lib-Publishing community" is workable, thought it might be controversial. This study will provide a background of reasons and issues for university press publishing, and it will then explore some qualitative values for librarian and university press systems that can enable effective scholarly communication of knowledge. If we understand btter the purpose and value of scholarly publishing community, then the role of the library in the networked environment will be more clear. Opinions for scholarly publishing and for university press systems are intended to encourage us to think about how well we play our roles to our communities.