本文主要根據幾項大型的調查，分析有關中國大陸人口流遷的政策問題，大規模的人口流動為中國的經濟成長提供了廉價的勞動力，但是，大量人口流入對城市的基礎設施造成一定的壓力，也增加城市罪案，城市人一般對外來民工存有歧視，媒體也較強調流動人口的負面作用，本文指出，由於政府的政策，新的外來人口不能融入城市社區，會對長期社會穩定有影響，農村人口外流，在目前對農業的影響不大，但卻大大減輕了農村的人口壓力，中國大陸應改變偏重城市的策略，改革戶籍制度，訂定一套全面，結合長期發展的人口流遷政策，人口流動可以是一個促進地區發展及扶貧的積極發展。

Based on information drawn from many large migration surveys carried out in mainland China, this paper analyses the impacts of recent migration, especially those in the category of "f1oatingpopulation" and related policy issues. It is argued that the plentiful supply of cheap migrant labor is crucial to China's recent economic growth in the coastal region. While these influxes have burdened urban infrastructure and contributed to rising crime rates, there is significant scapegoating in the media and discrimination against peasant migrants in urban areas. Increasing marginalization of non-hukou migrant workers in Chinese cities also poses serious concern to urban social stability. Rural outflows have lessende population pressure and generally have limited negative impacts on agriculture at this stage. China needs to reverse its urban-biased policy, reform its household registration system and articulate a more coordinated policy on migration, integrating it into the national development strategy Migration can be actively used as a tool to promote regional economic development and alleviate poverty.