俄羅斯在1783年的帝俄時代即頒令所有官辦民辦印刷所須將付印的圖書，繳送一份至國立聖彼得科學院圖書館。1917 年以後，蘇聯時期幾次頒布法令規定新出版品繳送全蘇圖書局及各加盟共和國圖書局。直至1991 年蘇聯解體後，由俄羅斯共和國繼承，繼續實施該項送繳制度。本文僅介紹蓋章聯時期的出版品是繳制度。

　　The legal deposit regulations of the Russian Empire were put into practice in 1783. Both public and private publishers were required to deposit one copy of their new publications at the St. Petersburg Library of the National Academy of Sciences for preservation stating from that time. After the establishment of the Soviet Union in 1917, the government enacted legal deposit regulations which required publishers to deposit new publications into the national archives and major libraries around the country. The deposit system has continued in the Republic of Russia after the collapse of the USSR in 1991. This article discusses the legal deposit system of the USSR only.