Gender and Language: Teresa de la Parra's Linguistic Strategies in Ifigenia_

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題名：	Gender and Language: Teresa de la Parra's Linguistic Strategies in Ifigenia
書刊名：	靜宜人文學報
作者：	Soang,Lih-lirng E.
出版日期：	1998
卷期：	10
頁次：	頁119-137
主題關鍵詞：	性別；語言
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:0 點閱:20

　　　　　Ifigenia is about the letters and diaries of a woman whose language is constantly struggling on the borderline between the dominant and the muted. These multiple linguistic styles can be shown mainly by the distinction between male language, represented by the dominant discourse of Uncle Eduardo, and female language manifest in Maria Eugenia's problematic and "double-voiced" discourse. The focus of this paper is a cultural/textual analysis of Maria Eugenia's language. In the novel, the heroine undergoes a tripartite process of linguistic performance: resistance, parody, and silencing. She regresses gradually from rebellion to conformity to the family's dominance. To analyze her complex discourse, we will refer to Mikhail Bakhtin's figure of the "fool," who does not understand social conventions, as he is appropriated by Dale Bauer as the "gendered" other. Bauer's "fool" does not comprehend patriarchy and, therefore, produces a dialogic confrontation with the dominant voice. Due to her incomprehension of why women must be obedient to the patriarch, Maria Eugenia as a female "fool" is distanced from the reality created by men, and overtly rejects Uncle Eduardo's authority. We intend to examine how Uncle Eduardo's patriarchal ideology influences the heroine's language and how Eduardo's dominant discourse interacts with Maria Eugenia's counterdiscourse. The presentation of Maria Eugenia as a romantic fool will be discussed mainly in terms of parody and irony. Due to her paradoxically active voice in her love letter, the heroine reveals herself by subverting the discourse of romantic female submission. Subsequently, however, Maria Eugenia's silencing, reflected in her mystical and domestic discourses, fails to express her true voice, demonstrating the transformation of a woman's language from initial resistance to man's power to ultimate submission to patriarchal domination. In this final stage, the heroine "pretends" to be a submissive fool who is not interested in intellectual pursuits. She eventually understands and accepts women's value as established by men; however, she remains distant from the male-created reality. Although the heroine externally conforms to patriarchy, she internally resists.

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期刊論文
1.	Aizenberg, Edna(1985)。El Bildungsroman fracasado en Latinoamérica: el caso de Ifigenia, de Teresa de la Parra。Revista Iberoamerigana，51(132/133)，539-546。
2.	Acker, Bertie(1988)。Ifigenia: Teresa de la Parra's Social Protest。Letras Femeninas，14(1/2)，73-79。

圖書
1.	de Beauvoir, Simone、Parshley, H. M.(1989)。The Second Sex。New York：Random。
2.	Bakhtin, Mikhail、Holquist, Michael、Emerson, Caryl(1981)。The Dialogic Imagination。Austin：University of Texas Press。
3.	Donovan, Josephine(1986)。Feminist Theory: The Intellectual Traditions of American Feminism。New York：Frederick Ungar。
4.	de Cervantes, Miguel(1985)。El Ingenioso Hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha。Mexico：Editorial Porrua。
5.	Llebot, Amaya(1974)。Ifigenia: caso único en la literatura nacional。Caracas：Universidad Central de Venezuela。
6.	Holman, C. Hugh(1980)。A Handbook to Literature。Indianapolis：The Bobbs Merrill Company。
7.	de la Parra, Teresa、Acker, Bertie(1993)。Iphigcnia: The Diarv of A Young Lady Who Wrote Because She Was Bored。Austin：University of Texas Press。
8.	Moi, Toril(1988)。Sexual/Texual Politics。New York：Routledge。
9.	Lispector, Clarice(1980)。Perto do Coração Selvagem。Rio de Janeiro：Editora Nova Fronteira。
10.	Valle-Inclán, Ramón del(1981)。Sonata de otoño。Madrid：Espasa Calpe。
11.	Valenzuela, Luisa(1988)。Cambio de armas。Hanover：Ediciones del Norte。
12.	Rodoreda, Mercè(1988)。La plaza del Diamante。Barcelona：Edhasa。
13.	Booth, Wayne C.(1961)。The Rhetoric of Fiction。Chicago：The University of Chicago Press。
14.	Gilligan, Carol(1982)。In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women's Development。Harvard University Press。

圖書論文
1.	Bakhtin, Mikhail(1978)。Discourse Typology in Prose。Readings in Russian Poetics: Formalist and Structuralist Views。Ann Arbor：University of Michigan。
2.	Ardener, Shirley(1975)。[Perceiving Women] Introduction。Perceiving Women。London：Malaby Press。
3.	Ardener, Edwin(1975)。Belief and the Problem of Women。Perceiving Women。London：New York：Malaby Press：John Wiley and Sons。
4.	Bauer, Dale(1988)。Gender in Bakhtin's Dialogics。Feminist Dialogics。Albany：State University of New York Press。
5.	Bakhtin, Mikhail(1988)。From the Prehistory of Novelistic Discourse。Modern Criticism and Theory。London：New York：Longman。
6.	Fowler, Roger(1981)。Linguistic Criticism。Literature as Social Discourse: The Practice of Linguistic Criticism。Bloomington：Indiana University Press。
7.	Chevalier, Haakon M.(1932)。[The Ironic Temper] Introduction。The Ironic Temper。New York：Oxford University Press。
8.	Cameron, Deborah(1990)。Introduction: Why Is Language a Feminist Issue?。The Feminist Critique of Language。London：New York：Routledge。
9.	Lanser, Susan Sniader、Beck, Evelyn Torton(1979)。[Why] Are There No Great Women Critics? And What Difference Does It Make?。The Prism of Sex: Essays in the Sociology of Knowledge。Madison：The University of Wisconsin Press。
10.	Irigaray, Luce(1985)。La Mystérique。Speculum of the Other Woman。Ithaca：Cornell University Press。
11.	González, José Luis(1987)。[Ifigenia: diario de una señorita que escribió porque se fastidiaba] Prologue。Ifigenia: diario de una señorita que escribió porque se fastidiaba。Xochimilco：Editorial Offset。
12.	Meyer, Doris(1983)。'Feminine' Testimony in the Works of Teresa de la Parra, María Luisa Bombal, and Victoria Ocampo。Contemporary Women Authors of Latin America: Introductory Essay。New York：Brooklyn College Press。
13.	Showalter, Elaine(1988)。Feminist Criticism in the Wilderness。Modern Criticism and Theory。Longman。

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