本研究主要在藉由測量籃球罰球時的腦波活動來探討其心智狀態。實驗參與者是 十五位國內大專甲組或職籃選手，以國際 10-20 系統中的 F3、F4、F7、F8、C3、C4、T3、 T4、P3、P4、01、02、Fz 和 Pz 為腦波記錄點，另外， 以二個雙極誘導頻道記錄左右以及 上下的眼電訊號，又以一組雙極誘導頻道置於右後頸部記錄罰球啟動的肌電訊號。罰球啟動 前 2 秒鐘的腦波以每段 0.5 秒的時間切割成 4 段， 在經過去除偽訊後進行快速扶立葉轉 換以獲得各頻率的功率值。 自 5 至 28Hz 之間以每 4Hz 為一段共擷取 6 個頻率段，為了 減少變數量， 在每一組資料中， 14 個記錄點上的 6 個頻率段的腦波資料以主成份分析和 Varimax 轉軸萃取六個成份，再分別由各成份中抽取在原始資料中成份負荷絕對值大於 0.4 的原始變數，加以平均以獲得成份愛數，這六個成份的平均解釋變異量約為 75%。 以 2x4( 表現 X 時間 ) 重複量數變異數分析分別地對這六個成份變數進行統計處理。結果發現，除 了第四成份外， 表現 X 時間的交互作用皆達顯著水準，其後之單純主要效果考驗顯示出成 功罰球與失敗罰球在大部份的時間點上都有差異，因為腦波的頻譜分析可以提供大腦的功能 組織狀況，本研究結果顯示籃球罰球的表現差異也呈現在腦部活動的層次，研究籃球罰球的 腦部活動，可以進一步瞭解與運動技能表現有關的心智狀態。

　　　　　This study was to investigate EEG activity associated with basketball free throw. Fifteen male, skilled basketball players were recruited. EEG was recorded at F3, F4, F7, F8, C3, C4, T3, T4, P3, P4, 01, 02, Fz, and Pz of the traditional 10-20 system. Eyes movements were monitored using 2 bipolar arranged channels. In addition, two EMG electrodes were attached at the trapezius muscle at the dorsal potion of the neck to mark the onset of the shooting. The recorded EEG was segmented into four, 0.5 second each, epochs of the last 2 seconds prior to the initiation of free throw. Cleaned EEG epochs were subjected to FFT. Six frequency bands (i.e., from 5-28 Hz) were extracted. In order to reduce the number of variable, data of the 14 scalp sites and the 6 frequency bands of each condition were submitted to principle component analysis with varimax rotation. The mean of the original variables with factor loading exceed the absolute value of 0.4 was derived and served as the factor variable for statistical analysis. Six factor variables that accounted for 77.8% of variance were extracted for each condition. A 2 x 4 (performance x time) ANOVA with repeated measures on both factors was performed on each factor variable separately. The two-way ANOVAs revealed significant interaction effect for all except the fourth factor variable. The resulting simple main effect analysis showed significant performance differences at all the four time window except time 2 of the first and third factor variable, as well as time 4 of the fifth factor variable. Since EEG spectral analysis can provide functional organization of the brain. The results of the current study suggest basketball free throw performance can be differentiated at the cerebral level that may provide insights into the brain/mental states associated with motor skill performance.