"憂郁"本是西方古代醫學哲學概念,卻隨著現代科學的發展而逐漸式微,其醫學地位早已由"抑郁"取而代之。弗洛伊德的《哀悼與憂郁》開啟了現代憂郁理論,憂郁概念再度獲得哲學關注,并在巴特勒的社會政治批判中達到新的高度。從精神分析概念、社會政治概念到抗拒現代性的文化批判概念,本文梳理了憂郁在現代背景中的重生、綻出與迷失。

"Melancholia" has been a concept in pre-modern medical philosophy. With the development of modern science, the concept has gradually declined and has been finally replaced by "depression." After Freud’s Mourning and Melancholia, the concept has regained psychoanalytical and philosophical concern, and has been discussed multi-dimensionally in Butler’s socio-political critique. From a psychoanalytical and socio-political concept to a cultural mentality resisting the influence of modernity, this article attempts to explore the renaissance, the development and the loss of the concept of melancholia.