畢曉普客居巴西期間創作的旅行主題詩歌預見了20世紀后期才逐漸明晰的審視旅行的多元視角。本文立足于巴西社會歷史,運用殖民主義、后殖民主義與內部殖民主義的理論觀點,細讀這些作品如何通過對于地理與宗教擴張以及日常生活經驗的頻繁指涉,批判了歐洲殖民者、美國新殖民者及巴西上層社會對巴西中下階層的剝削,同時也對巴西中下層民眾安于現狀、無意間與殖民者和上層社會合謀加以同情的批判。畢曉普的名篇《克魯索在英格蘭》以對笛福《魯賓遜漂流記》的反諷,折射出疏離殖民主義、趨近后殖民主義的姿態。

During her stay in Brazil, Elizabeth Bishop wrote some travel poems addressing issues which loomed large only in the late twentieth century. Based on Brazilian social history and in the light of colonialism, post-colonialism and internal colonialism, this article conducts a close reading of these poems, and maintains that by referring to geographical and religious expansion as well as mundane experience, the poems critique the European colonizers, American neo-colonizers and the Brazilian upper classes, and also provide sympathetic criticism towards the lower classes for their yielding to reality and unconscious conspiracy with the colonizers and Brazilian upper classes. Parodying Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, "Crusoe in England" conveys a detachment from colonialism and association with post-colonialism.