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題名:符號奠基問題及其解決策略
書刊名:哲學研究
作者:夏永紅李建會
出版日期:2017
卷期:2017(2)
頁次:102-110
主題關鍵詞:符號奠基問題人工智能內在奠基因果奠基指號學語義學
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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塞爾對強人工智能的批判實際上提出了這樣的問題:如果沒有外部觀察者的解釋,形式符號系統的句法屬性或物理屬性是否能夠充分決定語義內容?雖然塞爾給出了否定的答案,但這個問題卻啟發了人工智能的研究者去研究物理系統內的符號如何能夠自動地獲得意義的問題。哈納德把這個問題概括為"符號奠基問題"。為了解決這個問題,目前大致有內在奠基、因果奠基、指號學奠基和基于行動的語義學等幾種主要方案,但它們的解法都存在不同程度的缺陷。如何將不同進路的人工智能架構糅合起來,既免于各種進路的缺點而又能發揮其優勢,以更好地解決符號奠基問題,是人工智能哲學中的值得研究的方向。
期刊論文
1.Harnad, Stevan(1990)。The symbol grounding problem。Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena,42(1-3),335-346。  new window
2.Newell, Allen、Simon, Herbert A.(1976)。Computer Science as Empirical Inquiry: Symbols and Search。Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery,19(3),113-126。  new window
3.Bielecka, K.(2015)。Why Taddeo and Floridi did not solve the symbol grounding problem。Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence,27(1),79-93。  new window
4.Bielecka, K.(2016)。Symbolgrounding problem and causal theory of reference。New Ideas in Psychology,40,77-85。  new window
5.Brooks, R. A.(1990)。Elephants don't play chess。Robotics and Autonomous Systems,6(1/2),3-15。  new window
6.Harnad, S.(1993)。Grounding symbols in the analog world with neural nets。Think,2(1),12-78。  new window
7.Jackson, S. A.、Sharkey, N. E.(1996)。Grounding computational engines。Artificial Intelligence Review,10(1/2),65-82。  new window
8.Taddeo, M.、Floridi, L.(2005)。Solving the symbol grounding problem: a critical review of fifteen years of research。Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence,17(4),419-445。  new window
9.Taddeo, M.、Floridi, L.(2007)。A praxical solution of the symbol grounding problem。Minds and Machines,17(4),369-389。  new window
10.Vogt, P.(2002)。The physical symbol grounding problem。Cognitive Systems Research,3(3),429-457。  new window
11.Vogt, P.(2003)。Anchoring of semiotic symbols。Robotics and Autonomous Systems,43,109-120。  new window
會議論文
1.Brooks, R. A.(1991)。Intelligence without reason。San Mateo, CA:Morgan Kauffmann。  new window
2.Christiansen, M. H.、Chater, N.(1993)。Symbol grounding: the emperor's new theory of meaning?。Society University of Colorado。  new window
3.Steels, L.、Vogt, P.(1997)。Grounding adaptive language games in robotic agents。MIT Press。  new window
圖書
1.Fetzer, J. H.(1990)。Artificial Intelligence: Its Scope and Limits。Dordrecht:Kluwer。  new window
2.Garnelo, M.、Arulkumaran, K.、Shanahan, M.(2016)。Towards deep symbolic reinforcement learning。  new window
圖書論文
1.Chalmers, D. J.(1992)。Subsymbolic computation and the Chinese Room。The Symbolic and Connectionist Paradigms: Closing the Gap。Lawrence Erlbaum。  new window
2.Dretske, F.(1986)。Misrepresentation。Belief: Form, Content, and Function。Oxford University Press。  new window
3.Steels, L.(2008)。The symbol grounding problem has been solved. So what's next?。Symbols and Embodiment: Debates on Meaning and Cognition。Oxford University Press。  new window
4.Ziemke, T.(1999)。Rethinking grounding。Understanding Representation in the Cognitive Sciences。Springer US。  new window
 
 
 
 
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