Based on the two recent aggregate data of the National Population Census,this paper analyzes the basic situations,major characteristics,changes of the population migration of the Ethnic Minorities and its socio-economic influences.Research findings include:the size of the population migration of the ethnic minorities becomes larger,and its rate is approximate 15%;the scope of population migration gets bigger,and its time longer;the main part of the migration population are well-educated young people for job or doing business with center on manufactures,transportation equipment operation and related sectors;the migration areas are mainly confined inside the local province,and transprovincial migration population mostly come from Guangxi,Guizhou and Hunan,and approximate 50% emigrate to Guangdong and Zhejiang.The population migration not only changes the population spatial distribution of the ethnic minorities,but also has positive and negative influences on economic development,resident income,urbanization,rural society and so on.