當前,民族地區義務教育均衡發展依然存在一些明顯的制約因素,突出表現在辦學主體層次不高、類型單一,學制安排中升學途徑單一、教學節奏一致,學校布局規模不適當、個性特色不鮮明,考察評價文化取向側重城市工商業、內容選擇側重認知性能力,師資方面教師管理缺乏公平、教師培養不符合實際。應對這些制約因素,需要在辦學主體方面提高主體層次、拓寬主體范圍,學制安排方面改革升學方式、嘗試達標升級,學校建設方面合理調整布局規模、大力彰顯個性特色,考察評價方面文化取向多樣化、內容選擇全面化,師資改善方面教師管理凸顯公平正義、教師培養切合現實需要。

The balanced development of compulsory education in ethnic minority areas is currently confronted with some restrictive factors,which is highlighted by the school running subjects with low level and simple type,few channel for further studies concerning the education length,over-simplified teaching pace regardless of different needs from students,poorly-planned school distribution without distinct characteristics,over-emphasizing urban industry and commerce in culture evaluation orientation,over-stressing cognitive ability in content of education,as well as unfair management and unpractical training of teaching staff.To cope with these problems,it is necessary to raise the level and widen the range of school running subjects;to change the channel for further studies by standard reaching rather than by examination only;to adjust the school distribution and attach importance to characteristics;to vary culture orientation in evaluation with comprehensive contents;to guarantee fair management of teaching staff and make the training meet practical needs.