The article investigates the settlement pattern and society during the Longshan and Xia periods in the Northern Shaanxi region through comparative analysis of materials from Xinhua,Shimao,Muzhuzhuliang,Shengedaliang and Zhaimao.The authors argue that these settlements represent three tiers of hierarchy and could be grouped into several categories based on their functions.Through typological and ranking analyses of contemporary burials in the same region,this article explores funeral customs and social hierarchy.In addition,the character of the Shimao site.