本文根據近些年一系列重要的考古發現,本文從宏觀與微觀兩方面對北方地區龍山時代的聚落形態及其反映的社會變化進行了集中的分析,討論的重點包括包頭大青山南麓阿善文化聚落群、涼城縣岱海周圍老虎山文化聚落群和陜北神木石峁城址及周邊的聚落。指出北方地區在龍山時代經歷了與中原不同的發展軌跡、代表著不同的社會演變模式。

Through macro and micro-scale analyses of significant archaeological discoveries in recent years,this article presents new understanding of the settlement pattern and social transformation in Northern China during the Longshan Era.Examples in this article include the settlement cluster belonging to the Ashan Culture in the Southern foothill of the Daqing mountains in Baotou,the settlement cluster of the Laohushan Culture in the Daihai region in Liangcheng county,and the Shimao walled-town in Shenmu as well as nearby settlements in Shaanxi.This article argues that the social development witnessed a trajectory different from that in the Central Plains and,therefore,represents a unique pattern of social evolution.