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題名：論交易習慣的司法適用及其限制
書刊名：比較法研究
作者：宋陽
出版日期：2017
卷期：2017(6)
頁次：174-186
主題關鍵詞：交易習慣；司法適用；成本衡量；限制適用；約束力；Trade usages；Judicial application；Cost measurement；Application restriction；Binding force
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通過考察交易習慣的性質可知,交易習慣具有非普遍性、不確定性等明顯缺陷。因此,如果對交易習慣不加鑒別地予以概括適用,將給司法公正帶來較大風險;這也可能導致交易主體在民商交易中的確定成本、解釋成本和管理成本的不合理增加。建議在未來立法中對交易習慣的司法適用進行嚴格限制,明確交易習慣對當事人產生約束力的情形,以保護交易規則的可預測性以及公平公正性。
By means of examining the nature of trade usage,we can see this kind of regulations have very obvious defects,such as Non-universality,uncertainty etc. For this reason,if we apply the trade usages generally without any identification,the application course will do harm to the legal justice.The specification cost,interpretive cost and the administrative costs in the civil and commercial transactions may also be increased unreasonably. We suggest that the judicial application of trade usages should be strictly restricted in future legislation. And what’s more,the legal system should enact trade usages’ binding condition for the transaction parties for protecting the predictability and fairness of the trading rules.
期刊論文
1.Berman, Harold J.、Kaufman, Colin(1978)。The Law of International Commercial Transactions (Lex Mercatoria)。Harvard International Law Journal，19，221-274。  new window
2.楊聖坤(2016)。合同法上的默示條款制度研究。北方法學，2016(2)，132-133。  延伸查詢new window
3.Snyder, David V.(2001)。Language and Formalities in Commercial Contracts: A Defense of Custom and Conduct。Southern Methodist University Law Review，54，617-654。  new window
4.Llewellyn, Karl(1925)。The Effect of Legal Institutions Upon Economics。Acta Biologica Et Medica Germanica，30。  new window
5.Bainbridge, Stephen(1984)。Trade Usage in International Sale of Goods: An Analysis of the 1964 and 1980 Sales Conventions。Virginia Journal of International Law，24。  new window
6.呂文學(2015)。國際工程管理中的國際習慣與國際慣例。國際經濟合作，2015(6)。  延伸查詢new window
7.左海聰(2007)。國際商事條約和國際商事慣例的特點及相互關係。法學，2007(4)，97-101。  延伸查詢new window
8.Kadens, Emily(2012)。The Myth of the Customary Law Merchant。Texas Law Review，90，1156-1206。  new window
9.Michaels, Ralf(2010)。The Mirage of the Non-state Governance。Utah Law Review，2010，31-45。  new window
10.Cutler, A. Claire(2001)。Globalization, the Rule of Law, and the Modern Law Merchant: Medieval or Late Capitalist Associations?。Constellations，8。  new window
11.Druzin, Bryan(2010)。Law Without The State: The Theory of High Engagement and the Emergence of Spontaneous Legal Order Within Commercial Systems。Georgetown Journal of International Law，41。  new window
12.侯佳儒(2013)。民法基本原則解釋意思自治原理及其展開。環球法律評論，2013(4)。  延伸查詢new window
13.Goode, Roy(1997)。Usage and Its Reception in Transnational Commercial Law。International and Comparative Law Quarterly，46，1-36。  new window
14.黃培真(20101200)。Incoterms® 2010之研究。臺灣海洋法學報，9(2)，1-45。new window  延伸查詢new window
15.Bernstein, Lisa(2015)。Customs in the Courts。Northwestern Law Reviews，110，79-81。  new window
16.Benson, Bruce L.(1989)。The Spontaneous Evolution of Commercial Law。Southern Economic Journal，55，646-647。  new window
17.Coetzee, Juana(2016)。Trade usage: Still Law Made by Merchants for Merchants?。South African Mercantile Law Journal，28，85-111。  new window
18.Sweet, Alec(2006)。The New Lex Mercatoria and Transnational Governance。Journal of European Public Policy，13，627-646。  new window
19.孫希堯(2007)。國際海事商人法斷思--一個民間法的角度。甘肅政法學院學報，2007(6)，25-31。  延伸查詢new window
20.Dimatteo, Larry(2004)。The Interpretive Turn in International Sales Law: An Analysis of Fifteen Years of CISG Jurisprudence。Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business，34。  new window
21.Silvia, Ferreri(2005)。Remarks Concerning the Implementation of the CISG by the Courts。Journal of Law and Commerce，25(1/2)，223-240。  new window
22.Perillo, Joseph M.(1994)。Unidroit Principles of International Commercial Contracts: The Black Letter Text and a Review。Fordham Law Review，63。  new window
23.Fassberg, Celia Wasserstein(2004)。Lex Mercatoria--Hoist with Its Own Petard?。Chicago Journal of International Law，5，67-82。  new window
24.Drahozal, Christopher R.(2009)。Private Ordering and International Commercial Arbitration。Penn State Law Review，113，1031-1050。  new window
25.Baker, J. H.(1979)。The Law Merchant and the Common Law before 1700。Cambridge Law Journal，38。  new window
26.Bernstein, Lisa(1996)。Merchant Law in a Merchant Court: Rethinking the Code's Search for Immanent Business Norms。University of Pennsylvania Law Review，144。  new window
27.Drahozal, Christopher R.(2005)。Contracting Out of National Law: An Empirical Look at the New Law Merchant。Notre Dame Law Review，80，523-552。  new window
28.Cooter, Robert(1994)。Structural Adjudication and the New Law Merchant: A Model of Decentralized Law。International Review of Law and Economics，14，215-231。  new window
29.Cooter, Robert(1996)。Decentralized Law for a Complex Economy: The Structure Approach to Adjudicating the New Law Merchant。University of Pennsylvania Law Review，146，1678-1694。  new window
圖書
1.梁慧星(1996)。民法總論。北京：法律出版社。  延伸查詢new window
2.Austen-Baker, Richard(2011)。Implied Terms in English Contract Law。Edward Elgar Publishing。  new window
3.Atiyah, Patrick Selim、趙旭東(2002)。合同法導論。法律出版社。  延伸查詢new window
4.(1991)。United Nations Conference on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods。United Nation Publishing。  new window
5.Gessner, Volkmar(2009)。Contractual Certainty in International Trade: Empirical Studies and Theoretical Debates on Institutional Support for Global Economic Exchanges。Hart Publishing。  new window
6.Cutler, A. Claire(2007)。Private Power and Global Authority Transnational Merchant Law in the Global Political Economy。Cambridge University Press。  new window
7.Nygh, Peter(1999)。Autonomy in International Contract。Oxford University Press。  new window
8.李鳳琴(2013)。國際合同法律適用發展趨勢研究：以意思自治原則為中心。安徽師範大學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
9.孫新強(2004)。美國統一商法典及其正式述評。中國人民大學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
10.許中緣(2016)。商法的獨立品格與我國民商法的編纂。人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
11.Berger, Peter(2010)。The Creeping Codification of Lex Mercatoria。Wolters Kluwer。  new window
12.Trakman, Leon E.(1983)。The Law Merchant: The Evolution of Commercial Law。Fred B. Rothman & Co.。  new window
13.Hall, Hubert(1930)。Selected Cases Concerning the Law Merchant。Selden Society Publishing。  new window
14.張錦源(2014)。國際貿易實務詳論。臺北：三民書局。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Schwartz, Alan(2000)。Karl Llewellyn and the Origins of Contract Theory。The Jurisprudence of Corporate and Commercial Law。Cambridge University Press。  new window
2.Dedek, Helge(2016)。Not Merely Facts: Trade Usage in German Contract Law。Trade Usages and Implied Terms in the Arbitration Ages。Oxford University Press。  new window
3.左海聰(2014)。從國際商法的特質看〈民法典(草案)〉中的國際商法淵源條款。中國國際法年刊。  延伸查詢new window
4.Drahozal, Christopher R.(2016)。Usage and Implied Terms in the United States。Trade Usages and Implied Terms in the Arbitration Ages。Oxford University Press。  new window
5.Craswell, Richard(2000)。Do the Trade Custom Exist?。The Jurisprudence of Corporate and Commercial Law Theory。Cambridge University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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