歷史事實與歷史評價既是歷史闡釋中一個恒久而常新的重要議題,也是當下我們建構馬克思主義歷史闡釋學的基本前提。歷史闡釋的形成不僅涉及歷史主體與歷史客體的本體論互動關系,也涉及歷史事實、歷史邏輯與歷史價值的認識論徑路,涉及人們確認歷史事實、建構歷史評價的內在張力與動態平衡。建構唯物史觀的歷史闡釋學,必須在堅持歷史事實的客觀性與先在性的前提下,注意克服歷史評價的主觀性、相對性和多元性的羈絆,尋求人類建立共同歷史價值觀、書寫人類共同歷史的可能。因此,歷史闡釋既是無限趨近歷史真相的認識過程,也是共同建構人類精神家園的社會過程,最終確立人類認識歷史、評價歷史的共同尺度,尋求人類命運共同體最大價值公約數。

Historical facts and historical evaluation are an important topic in historical interpretation,one that is permanent and always fresh,and a basic prerequisite for our present construction of Marxist historical hermeneutics.The formation of historical hermeneutics involves not the ontological interaction between historical interpretation subjects and objects,but also the epistemological approach to historical facts,logic and value,and the internal tension and dynamic balance of the confirmation of historical facts and construction of historical estimates.To construct historical hermeneutics from the angle of historical materialism,we must first stick to the objectivity and anteriority of historical facts,then take care to overcome subjectivity,relativity and pluralism in historical evaluation,and seek for the possibility of constructing man’s common historical values and discovering man’s common history.Therefore,historical interpretation is a cognitive process that indefinitely approaches historical truth and a social process of building up our spiritual home together.It will ultimately affirm a common standard for man’s knowledge and evaluation of history and seek for the greatest common divisor of the value of the shared future of mankind.