《2030年可持續發展議程》已經形成了社會、經濟與環境三大支柱的格局。根據進程追蹤的方法,本文通過回顧環境進入《2030年可持續發展議程》目標的過程,著重分析環境目標未來15年將對全球與中國環境治理產生的重要影響。在全球環境治理層面的基本結論是:1全球環境治理體系的重要性將顯著上升。2新型伙伴關系將強化環境非政府組織與市民社會的作用。3未來全球環境治理將形成以數據和指標為驅動的特點。4聯合國系統內環境機構的作用將進一步強化,聯合國環境署的發展受到關注。5環境與氣候變化中的資金融資與技術轉讓渠道將進一步多元化。6氣候變化問題與其他環境問題將在全球和國家層面深度融合。對中國環境治理的積極影響,體現在:1《2030年可持續發展議程》將為中國經濟的轉型升級和可持續發展提供新的強大動力,并形成倒逼機制;2將顯著提升中國公眾的環保意識;3為中國在全球治理中發揮關鍵性作用提供了難得的著力點;4將使中國的區域合作更加"綠色化"。當然,在新常態的經濟形勢下,全球可持續發展的環境目標也使得中國環境治理的壓力與責任不斷增加。同時,《2030年可持續發展議程》也存在一系列問題與不足之處:1目標過多且模糊不清,實現難度大。2當前所羅列的一些目標間可能包含潛在的沖突,需要進一步的研究與論證。3環境目標缺乏量化的標準。盡管如此,就環境目標而言,《2030年可持續發展議程》比千年發展目標更加綜合、全面和系統,是當今國際社會應對環境問題集體努力的成果,必須高度重視與研究。

Through process tracing method,the paper analyzes how the environmental objectives become a pillar of‘the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development ’as equally important as social and economic goals. From the perspective of global governance,the importance of the environment in the global development agenda is increasing. Environmental issues in ‘the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development’will be of great importance in global and China’s environmental governance. The global implications for future environmental governance are mainly reflected in: first,the importance of environmental governance will be significantly increased; second,new partnership will strengthen the roles of environmental NGOs and civil society; third,to achieve environmental goals,governance system will increasingly depend on data-driven reviews; fourth,the role of environmental institutions within the UN system will be further strengthened,esp. the UNEP; fifth,environmental along with climate change financing and technology transfer may be further diversified; sixth,climate change and other environmental issues at the global and national levels will be more integrated. Meanwhile,implications on China are: first,it will offer China’s economic transformation and sustainable development a powerful new force; second,China will significantly enhance its public environmental awareness; third,China will play a key role in global governance with a unique focus; fourth,it will require better environmental management system and capacity of China; fifth,China’s future regional cooperation will be greener. However,in the new norms of the economic situation,these environmental goals increase the pressure and responsibility for China’s governance. At the same time,there are also a series of problems and shortcomings in the 2030 Agenda: First,the targets are too many,vague,and difficult to implement. Second,there may be some conflicting targets in the agenda. Third,environmental goals are lack of quantitative standards. Undoubtedly,the environmental objectives in‘the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development’are more integrated,comprehensive and systematic than the Millennium Development Goals,demonstrating international community’s collective efforts to address environmental issues. Therefore,we must attach great importance to observe and research.