文章基于全球視角,利用聯合國等機構發布的人口政策及生殖健康/計劃生育數據,闡述國際社會人口調控與政策干預的總體變化趨勢及特點,并在此基礎上對未來中國計劃生育的改革發展進行了思考,發現:近30多年來,在人口增長、生育水平、老齡化、生殖健康/計劃生育以及國內鄉-城遷移等人口政策的各個領域,全球采取不干預立場的國家數量和比例均在大幅下降,人口干預是世界性的時代潮流。全球超過90%的國家或地區都在踐行計劃生育,展現出這項實踐的普適性、包容性和強大生命力。生殖健康促進極大地豐富和拓展了傳統計劃生育實踐。建議中國的計劃生育在人口政策等基本概念的區分、整合服務、"外圍"政策支撐以及發揮社會組織"實體性"作用等方面推進改革創新。

With a global perspective,drawing upon data related to population policy as well as the reproductive health /family planning published by the United Nations,this article examines the general trend and characteristics of population regulations and policy intervention across the world,and discusses the implications for the future reform of China’s family planning policy.We find that,in the past 30 years,regarding population policies in the fields of population growth,fertility level,aging,reproductive health /family planning as well as internal rural-urban migration,the number and proportion of countries with no population intervention in the world have considerably decreased.Such intervention has become a major world trend.More than 90% of the world’s countries or regions are currently practicing family planning,showing the universality,inclusiveness and strong vitality of this policy.The promotion of reproductive health has greatly enriched and expanded the traditional family planning practice.This article suggests that China’s family planning policy should promote reform and innovation in distinguishing basic concepts of population policy,integrating services,supporting external policies and bringing into full play the role of social organizations.