以往對王爾德的研究主要集中在他的文學創作上,對他的文學批評理論關注的相對較少一些。其實,他的文學批評思想,如對文學批評的地位和對公眾和道德與藝術形式之間關系的認識,開創了一代風氣,預示了即將登上舞臺的西方20世紀文論的主潮方向。本文主要以王爾德的《作為藝術家的批評家》和《社會主義制度下人的靈魂》為例,通過文本分析來對其批評思想的來龍去脈、構成要素以及意義進行梳理和總結。

Most of the critics of Oscar Wilde in the past have been concerned more with his literary writings and less with his ideas of literary criticism.Actually,Wilde’s ideas of literary criticism,for example,his understanding of literary position,the public and the relationship between art and morality,initiate a new general mood of criticism,indicating the orientation of the forthcoming mainstream of literary theory in the 20 th century.This paper will make a case study of Wilde’s"The Critic as Artist"and"The Soul of Man under Socialism"to review and analyze the sources,constituents and significance of his ideas of literary criticism.