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題名：領導和管理的時空理論
書刊名：中國管理科學
作者：陳國權
出版日期：2017
卷期：2017(1)
頁次：181-196
主題關鍵詞：領導；管理；時空理論；時空系統；多層次管理；多維度管理；動態化管理；組織分析和設計的四維度理論；時空智慧；時空領導力；Leadership；Management；Time-space theory；Time-space system；Multi-level management；Multi-dimension management；Dynamic management；Four-dimensional theory of organizational analysis and design；Time-space wisdom；Time-space leadership
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本文提出了一個關于組織的新比喻,將組織比喻成時空系統,包含時間和空間因素。基于這個比喻,本文提出了領導和管理的時空理論,即領導者和管理者可以從時間和空間的視角來認識、分析和設計組織。其中,時間視角包含學習和創新兩個方面,即傳承和變革。空間視角包含層次和維度兩個方面,一方面,組織系統在空間上可以從微觀到宏觀劃分為多個層次,如個體、群體、組織等,且多層次之間是相互作用的;另一方面,組織系統在空間上可以劃分為方法維度和資源維度等,方法維度包括目標和方法系統、利益和權力系統以及信仰和價值觀系統等,資源維度包括人力系統、物力系統和財力系統等,且維度之間是相互作用的。本文提出了一系列的理論觀點,并提供了若干個簡化模型和相應的方法和措施,還特別強調了組織分析和設計的四維度理論和方法。本文指出,領導者和管理者在分析和設計組織時,要建立時空領導力,提高時空情商和時空智商,提升時空智慧,應該系統地考慮時間和空間兩種視角,同時也要抓住重點因素,從而使得組織提高成效,減少決策偏差,得到決策的更滿意解,建立競爭優勢,保持可持續的生存和健康和諧的發展。進而,領導者和管理者要努力做到"知微知彰"、"知柔知剛"、"知常知變",通過"知行合一",促進"天人合一"和社會和諧,以建設更美好的社會。
In this paper,a new metaphor of organization is proposed.Organizations could be seen as TimeSpace Systems,including time and space factors.Based on this metaphor,a time-space theory of leadership and management,which shows that leaders and managers can analyze organizations from a time-space perspective,namely in the dimensions of time and space,is proposed.Time perspective includes learning and innovation.Space perspective includes level and dimension perspective.Organizational system could be divided into several levels from micro to macro,such as individual,group,organization and so on.All levels are interacted with each other.Organizational system could also be divided into method dimension which includes goal and approach system,interest and power system,belief and value system,and so on,and resource dimension which includes human capital,material capital,financial capital,and so on.The paper put forwards a series of theoretical propositions and practical methodologies.Several simplified models and the related tools are proposed,and then four-dimensional theory of organizational analysis and design is articulated.Leaders and managers should build up their time-space leadership and enhance their time-space emotional quotient,intelligence quotient and time-space wisdom.Leaders and managers should not only analyze and design organizations in a systematic view but also grasp some key factors,in order to improve organizational effectiveness,decrease bias and get more satisfactory solutions for decision making,build competitive advantage,and maintain sustainability,as well as harmonious and healthy development.Further,leaders and managers should make great efforts to know both micro and macro,both softness and hardness,both constant and change,and then reach a state of the unity of knowing and doing,and improve the unity of human and heaven and harmoniousness of society,and then build a better society.
期刊論文
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會議論文
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圖書
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4.Weick, K. E.(1969)。The Social Psychology of Organizing。Reading, Massachusetts：Addison-Wesley Publishing Company。  new window
5.Taylor, Frederick Winslow(1911)。The principles of scientific management。Harper & Brothers。  new window
6.Galbraith, Jay R.(1973)。Designing complex organizations。Addison-Wesley Publishing Company。  new window
7.Scott, W. Richard(1981)。Organizations: Rational, Natural, and Open Systems。Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey：Prentice-Hall, Inc.。  new window
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圖書論文
1.Trist, E. L.(1981)。The sociotechnical perspective: The evolution of sociotechnical systems as a conceptual framework and as an action research program。Perspectives on organization design and behavior。New York：John Wiley & Sons, Inc.。  new window
 
 
 
 
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