基本法律概念可以經驗發現,但需邏輯證成。在中國法學話語體系中,基本法律概念應確定并表述為:權利、義務、無權利、無義務,權力、責任、無權力、無責任;基本法律概念間的關系應明確為:外部否定關系、相關關系、分組關系。基本法律概念的形式化推導,可通過霍菲爾德理論與邏輯方法的融合實現;基本法律概念的實質性構建,需彌補霍菲爾德理論的缺陷,將基本法律概念根植于一定的法律觀之上。鑒于法律觀與特定類型法律規范的互釋性,作為權利組和權力組概念載體的法律規范,可歸類為具有法律觀意義的兩類規則。權利客體理論特別是其中權利可以成為權利客體的現象,為闡釋權利與權力的關系奠定了基礎。權利與權力具有結構上的嵌套關系、屬性上的矛盾關系、功能上的目的手段關系、數量上的等值關系、邏輯上的互為優先關系。作為基本法律概念的中樞,權利—權力的雙重構造不僅給權利類型理論、權利概念理論帶來啟發,也詮釋了現代法理學關于法概念、法體系或法秩序的二階構造的學說,其實踐論根據在于它是所有治理共享的微觀機制基礎。

Fundamental legal concepts can be identified empirically,but they need to be justified logically.In the Chinese jurisprudential discourse system,fundamental legal concepts should be defined and expressed as follows:right,duty,no-right,noduty,power,liability,no power,no liability,and their relationships should be specified as relations of external negation,correlative relations and classificatory relations.The formal derivation of fundamental legal concepts can be achieved by integrating Hohfeld’s theory and logical methods,while their substantive construction needs to fill the gaps in Hohfeld’s theory and ground fundamental legal concepts on a certain view of law.Given the mutually interpretive relations between legal approaches and particular types of legal norm,legal norms,as carriers of concepts in the"right "and"power" groups,can be classified in terms of legal conceptsas two sets of rules.The theory of the object of right,and especially the fact that the rights therein can become objects of right,lays a foundation for interpreting the relations between right and power.In structural terms,right and power have a nested relationship;in terms of properties,their relationship is one of contradiction;functionally,it is one of means and ends;in terms of amount,it is one of equivalence;and in terms of logic,it is one of mutual priority.As the fulcrum of fundamental legal concepts,the twofold right/power construction has not only inspired theories relating to types and concepts of right but also provided modern jurisprudence with an interpretation of second order construction of the concept of law,the legal system or legal order.Its theory of practice rests on the fact that it offers a micro-mechanism shared by all forms of governance.