"東南亞"概念包含著復雜的歷史背景和豐富的文化內涵。西方列強的殖民統治導致西方人類學在東南亞研究領域長期占據支配地位。東方對于東南亞的研究主要起步于歷史學,人類學傳入后的總體發展相對滯后,東南亞本土人類學學者的研究成果,尤其是有影響的研究成果,則更為少見。"一帶一路"倡議和相關實踐為中國人類學的東南亞研究帶來了新的機遇和挑戰。

"Southeast Asia"is a concept rich cultural implications and complicated historical contexts.The colonial rule of the Western powers led to the long-term dominance of Western anthropology in the study of Southeast Asia.As for the Southeast Asia studies in Asian countries,it mainly started in history research,and anthropological research is relatively backward because the anthropology,as a field of study which has been newly introduced,was undeveloped generally in these countries.Moreover,the works of native anthropologists from Southeast Asia,especially the influential ones,were rare.The Belt and Road Initiative and its practices bring new opportunities and challenges to the study of Chinese anthropology in Southeast Asia.