清末,營口的衛生行政在列強的干涉下逐漸成型。1899年,營口爆發鼠疫,地方當局迫于外交壓力臨時設立衛生局,推行衛生制度;俄國和日本出于不同的目的,先后在占領期間強化衛生行政;1906年因應自上而下的新政改革,衛生成為營口地方行政職能。由于地處地緣政治復雜的東北,列強對營口衛生行政形成的影響有兩大特征:一是差異性,以俄、日為代表的列強雖遵循同樣的衛生規則,但因各自不同的利益追求和對華政策,采用不同的方式推動衛生行政;一是調適性,官府雖迫于列強壓力基本采納衛生行政,但在具體實行過程中,中外間的跨國互動終使衛生組織和制度得以確立。因此,營口衛生行政具有明顯的局限性:衛生局雖建立起來,但管轄權范圍有限,很難輻射到營口之外的地區;列強只有以干涉的形式迫使周邊地區行動起來,才能保證營口衛生制度的有效運行。

In the late Qing period,the hygienic administration in Yingkou gradually took shape with the intervention of the foreign powers. In 1899,when the plague broke out in Yingkou,under the diplomatic pressure,the local government founded a hygienic bureau to implement rules for public health. Russia and Japan,with different purposes,reinforced the hygienic administration during their occupation of Yingkou. In the New Policy Reform of the Qing,hygiene became one of the local administrative functions in Yingkou. In the Northeast region where geo-politics was especially complicated,the impact of the foreign powers on the hygienic administration in Yingkou had two features. The first was the difference of the ways in which Russian and Japan implemented the hygienic administration respectively. The second was the adaption of the Chinese government to practice the hygienic administration in the interaction with the foreign powers. The hygienic administration in Yingkou was limited to the small urban area and difficult to radiate to its surrounding areas. The foreign powers had to intervene directly to force the nearby areas to implement the hygienic administration effectively.