印度次大陸歷史上曾有多次外族入侵,導致文化多次更迭;這與歷史中國的"多難興邦"形成了鮮明對比。拒絕大而化之的"文化"解釋,本文從兩大文明的自然地理條件、外來入侵發生的地理位置、入侵刺激的強度和頻度等變量給出解說,并試圖借此重新理解和界定制度。

Foreign invasions in the history of the Indian subcontinent led to great cultural changes,which is in stark contrast to the phenomena of "challenges make a state stronger"in historical China.Rejecting the"cultural"interpretation,this paper try to understand the differences from the natural geographical conditions of the two civilizations,the geographical location of the alien invasion,the intensity and frequency of the intrusion and other variables. It further demonstrates the necessity and general theoretical significance in re-understanding and defining institutions.