The important statement and significant deployment on ethnic works made by the nineteen report of the national congress of the CPC are important parts of Xi Jinping ’s thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics and ideological guidance as well as program of action initiating new situations for ethnic works in the new era. Its spiritual essence is reflected in four aspects, i.e.including"adhering and improving the system of regional minority autonomy"as important content of"the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics"; setting "consolidating the community consciousness of Chinese nation" as value objectives for deepening education of national unity and progress; treating "strengthening communication, exchange and fusion of all ethnic groups"as an important way to enhance national unity; taking "promotion of unity, prosperity and development of all ethnic groups jointly"as the motif of works for national unity and progress in the new era. We should study carefully and apprehend profoundly this spiritual essence and take Xi Jinping ’s thought on ethnic works in the new era as the guidance to initiate the new situation of ethnic works in terms of the following five aspects, i.e. consolidating the overall leadership of the Party in ethnic works, comprehensive implementing national policy of the Party, adhering and improving the system of regional minority autonomy, reinforcing the community consciousness of Chinese nation and intensifying construction for the livelihood of the people in minority areas unswervingly.