文章利用2016年全國調查數據,通過觀察意愿—意愿以及行為—意愿兩種路徑,實證分析了中國城市初婚女性性別偏好的代際影響。研究發現:父母對城市初婚女性性別偏好的代際影響存在同向關系,且與女性意愿孩子數量無關;公婆的代際影響只作用于一孩;兄弟姊妹性別結構對城市初婚女性的性別偏好具有顯著的同向影響,另外,兒女雙全原生家庭成長起來的女性相比較獨生女更可能具有男孩偏好。研究結果揭示了在以一孩無偏好、二孩雙偏好為主流意愿的城市女性中,仍存在著男孩偏好的空間,原生家庭父母性別偏好及行為具有顯著影響。研究還發現現有子女性別結構以及根據出生性別比指標30多年來的變化態勢分類以及現居住地省份對女性性別偏好的重要影響。

Using 2016 national sampling survey data,this paper analyzes the intergenerational effects of gender preference on the first married women in urban China. The influence is observed through either parents’ gender preference for grandchildren or parents’ fertility behavior represented as the siblings’ gender structure of the women. Results show that women’s parents have positive effects on their gender preference regardless of the number of the desired children,while the effects of their parents-in-law are significant only for their first child. The sibling’s gender structure of the women also has significant positive effect on their gender preference. In addition,compared with the only child,women who grew with both brothers and sisters have stronger male preference. The findings imply that although the majority of urban women have no gender preference for the first child and have both son and daughter preference when desire to have two children,there are exceptions who still prefer boys. Their parents’ desire and behavior play important roles on their son preference. This paper also finds that the gender structure of women’s existing children and the provinces where they live significantly affect women’s gender preference.