關于馬丁·路德的稱義哲學,學界目前有兩種代表性的觀點,一種是"外在的解釋",另一種是"內在的解釋",本文則嘗試從"運動"入手提出一種新的解釋。為了闡明稱義的存在方式,路德反復運用亞里士多德的運動概念,重構了后者運動學說中"毀滅"與"實現"的存在論地位,進而將運動的內在結構表述為"總是回到起點",即總是回到虛無。在這種運動的稱義學說背后,蘊含著路德對生成、存在、非存在與虛無等形而上學問題的全新理解。本文認為,也唯有從運動的虛無主義機制出發,路德才能從根本上奠定新教人性論的哲學基礎。

Concerning Luther’s philosophy of justification there are two opposite views,which we can call the"external interpretation"and the"internal interpretation"respectively. This article attempts to propose a new interpretation in terms of "motion. "In order to define the manner of existence in his justification,Luther repeatedly uses the Aristotelian concept of motion,reconstructs the ontological status of "destruction"and"realization"in Aristotle’s theory,and finally formulates the internal structure of motion as"always returning to the starting point,"that is,to nihil or nothingness. This doctrine of justification as motion implies Luther’s new understanding of metaphysical questions such as becoming,being,non-being,and nihil. Only from the nihilistic mechanism of motion can Luther fundamentally establish the philosophical foundation for his Protestant theory of human nature.