對泰國來說,現代民族國家建構依然是一道沒有完成的題目。在制度安排上,泰國政府依然拒絕授予馬來穆斯林地區以自治權。盡管泰國對馬來穆斯林族群進行了政治整合,但目前并未取得預期效果,馬來穆斯林族群"反國家整合"的局面依然存在。在20世紀60—80年代期間,馬來穆斯林采取武裝叛亂的方式反抗泰國國家整合。泰南邊境地區在20世紀80—90年代期間保持了相對穩定。不過,2004年以來,暴力襲擊事件的頻發再度致使泰南邊境地區陷入動蕩之中。如何在國家與地方兩個政治層面上持續地制定并落實具有協商性與包容性的整合馬來穆斯林族群的制度和政策,是泰國處理馬來穆斯林問題,也是最終將馬來穆斯林族群整合進入泰國社會的關鍵所在。

Thailand is still yet to complete its construction of a modern nation-state. The Thai government still refuses to grant autonomy to the Malay Muslims in institutional arrangements. Thailand has launched its political integration policy towards the Malay Muslim community for over one century,but the desired results have not been achieved. There still exists an "anti-state integration "sentiment from the ethnic Malay Muslims. During the late1950 s and 1980 s,Malay Muslims resisted Thailand’s national integration by armed rebellions.The southern border provinces of Thailand,on the other hand,remained relatively stable from mid-1980 s to 1990 s. Since 2004,however,frequent occurrences of violent attacks caught the border areas of southern Thailand in deep turbulence once again. It is important for the Thai government to continuously design and implement the policies of political integration to the ethnic Malay Muslims on both central and local political levels with a spirit of collaboration and inclusiveness,which is essential to dealing with the violent conflicts in southern Thailand. This process is also crucial to the integration of the Malay Muslim community into the Thai society.