【目的/意義】解決人類知識資源利用的辦法是將知識的控制單位由"文獻"深化到"知識元",這被認為是圖書情報學研究取得突破的關鍵問題。【方法/過程】我們在分析知識元本質、形態的基礎上,提出了知識元的語義結構由知識項、知識資源和屬性函數三部分構成。在此基礎上我們從內容表達層、語義關聯層和文獻載體層三個維度構建了知識元的語義模型,對模型各個要素進行了規范化說明,并給出了語義標注實例。【結果/結論】研究表明,該模型具有層次性,結構較為合理,語義效果顯著,有利于語義揭示深入到知識單元,為細粒度的知識組織與發現提供了新的視角。

【Purpose/significance】The solution to the utilization of human knowledge resources is to deepen the control unit of knowledge from "documentation" to "knowledge element", which is considered to be a key issue in the breakthrough of library and information science.【Method/process】On the basis of analyzing the essence and form of knowledge element,we clarify that the semantic structure of knowledge element consists of knowledge item, knowledge resource and attribute function. Furthermore, we construct the semantic model of knowledge element from the three dimensions of content expression layer, semantic association layer and document carrier layer, standardize the elements of the model, and give an example of semantic annotation.【Result/conclusion】Results show that this model is conducive to the semantic disclosure to the knowledge unit, providing a new perspective for fine-grained knowledge organization and discovery.