Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the Party Central Committee with Xi Jinping as the core has formed the national thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics in a new era on the basis of historical experience and according to the drastic changes of the state and social development. This thought is not only the inheritance and development of Marxism,Leninism,Mao Zedong’s thoughts,Deng Xiaoping’s theory,the important thought of three representatives and the scientific concept of development,but also a new development of Marxist national theory. With its distinctive theoretical,road,system and cultural characteristics,this theory is of great significance and has enhanced the vitality of Marxist national theory by adding new contents and new motivation for ethnic work,clarifying historical orientation of ethnic work,and providing the Chinese scheme for the development of national course.