全球化時代的現代科學、技術的突飛猛進導致的復制成本的銳減、發達國家強推的超TRIPS知識產權保護、傳統文化知識保護訴求的涌現使得基于TRIPS協議的知識產權體系推上重構的邊緣。本文通過探討傳統文化知識產權體系所面臨的挑戰,認為民族傳統文化知識與現有知識產權體系的沖突本質上是資本主義商品生產(即掠奪開發)同民族文化多樣性和人類知識進步的矛盾,知識產權理論對傳統文化知識的描述存在偏見,傳統文化知識,尤其是少數民族傳統文化知識的保護應打破知識產權主流話語之霸權,體現發展中國家和欠發達國家及少數民族群體合理的利益訴求,給傳統文化知識客觀公平的描述,并依據具體國情設計少數民族傳統文化知識保護綜合性保護體制。

The decline of reproduction cost as a result of great scientific and technological breakthroughs in the globalization era,the TRIPS + IPR protections promoted by developed countries,and the growing demand for the protection of traditional cultural knowledge altogether forced the present IPR( Intellectual Property Rights) regimes to make reconstruction. Through a short review of the challenges faced by the present IPR regimes,we argue that the conflict between TCK( Traditional Cultural Knowledge) and the present IPR regimes is essentially the conflict between capitalistic production of goods and cultural diversity of ethnic minorities and the advancement of human knowledge and that the description of TCK under the present IPR regimes is flawed with prejudice. Therefore,the protection of TCK,in particular the TCK of ethnic minorities should break down the hegemony of the mainstream discourse of IPR,reflect the reasonable interests of ethnic minorities in developing and less developed countries,make an fair appraisal on TCK,and redesign the comprehensive TCK protection regime of ethnic minorities in accordance with the reality of concerned states.