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題名:婚姻暴力調解措施之研究
作者:黃翠紋 引用關係
校院名稱:中央警察大學
系所名稱:犯罪防治研究所
指導教授:許春金
張平吾
鄧學仁
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2001
主題關鍵詞:婚姻暴力調解措施受虐婦女保護令
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(11) 博士論文(3) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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論文摘要
婚姻暴力事件應如何處理最為適當?由於這是一個相當複雜的問題,並沒有清楚的解答,至今仍是人們所熱烈爭論的議題。但大多數人卻會同意:由於婚姻暴力被害人的需求相當多元,為滿足不同狀況受虐婦女之需求,政府應該提供多種服務管道。考量並非所有受虐婦女皆希望政府強制力積極介入其婚姻關係,以及政府強制力處理婚姻暴力有其極限。加以過去在婚姻暴力研究領域中,對於調解措施的研究相當有限,以實證研究方法來探討此方面的問題,更是乏善可陳。因此,本論文之目的乃希望透過實證研究方法,瞭解何種婚姻暴力事件適合調解、被害人對於接受調解的意願,以及現行調解制度的優缺點,並藉以擬訂一有效的以被害人為中心之調解方案。
本論文在資料蒐集上,兼採問卷調查與訪談之方式進行,以期能夠廣泛蒐集受虐婦女及調解實務人員(法官、鄉鎮市區調解委員會調解委員與秘書)對於調解措施之意見。經對於受虐婦女以問卷調查,及對於調解實務人員訪談之結果,有以下研究發現:
一、不論是受虐婦女或調解實務人員,普遍認為婚姻暴力調解措施有其存在之必要性,甚且有半數以上的受虐婦女願意接受調解。
二、影響受虐婦女接受調解意願之因素,包括:施虐者犯罪傾向、婚姻暴力嚴重性、施虐者與子女互動的情形、受虐婦女對於過去接受調解之滿意度,以及公權力是否對於施虐者有嚇阻作用等變項。整體而言,當受虐婦女認為施虐者不具有犯罪傾向時,將願意接受調解;當受虐婦女認為暴力情形並不嚴重,或是施虐者與子女關係並非很糟糕時,將願意接受調解;以及,當受虐婦女對過去所接受之協助滿意,或是認為法律對施虐者具有嚇阻作用時亦願意接受調解。
三、經由對受訪人員訪談發現,目前台灣地區以各縣(市)性侵害暨家庭暴力防治中心最適合調解婚姻暴力。而現有之調解機制如:法院或是鄉鎮市區調解委員會,則因種種因素而不適合調解婚姻暴力。未來在法院部份,若能朝向建立家事法院或法庭的方式,內設有各種專業人員(如日本之方式),則亦是頗適合調解婚姻暴力之機關。至於調解委員會則除需提升調解人員之素質外,亦需結合民間之志願專業人才,一起進行調解工作較為理想。
四、在調解委員素質方面,受訪者普遍認為調解委員之素質有待提升。適合調解婚姻暴力事件之調解人員,以具有婚姻諮商與法律專業知識之人員較為適當。
五、在調解進行方面,首重對於被害人的保護,並免除其遭受二度傷害。因此,除需於調解進行前應有調查程序,審慎瞭解並評估婚姻暴力之情形,並應對參與之施虐者進行篩選之工作。為提升被害人於調解實施中之安全感,並避免遭受二度傷害,應有可以支持她的家人、朋友、律師,或具備諮商輔導專業知識人員,陪同出席調解會議。而在調解過程中,調解人員亦不可有勸合不勸離之心態。最後,調解之進行場所,則需選擇安全、隱密的環境為宜。在調解之進行上,若能注意這些要點,將可確保被害人安全與調解之成功率。
六、完善的調解措施需有配套措施配合,因此需落實加害人處遇計畫、建立完善婚姻諮商制度,以及配合定期的宣導措施。
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