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題名：由北美自由貿易協定論美洲區域經濟之整合
作者：洪進明
作者(外文)：ChinMingHung
校院名稱：中國文化大學
系所名稱：中山學術研究所
指導教授：朱言明
劉大年
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2001
主題關鍵詞：北美自由貿易協定；區域經濟整合；美加自由貿易協定；加勒比海共同市場；中美洲共同市場；安地斯集團；南錐共同市場；美洲自由貿易區；North American Free Trade Agreement；Integration of Economic Blocs；U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement；Caribbean Community and Common Market；Central American Common Market；Andean Group；Mercado Comum No Cone Sul；Free Trade Area of the Americas
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冷戰結束後，全球貿易自由化已是時代之趨勢，同一區域內之經濟整合亦陸續形成，各締約國間之多數貨品因優惠關稅而得以大量流通，對於非締約國之貨品乃造成貿易排擠效應，對我國以出口導向為主之經濟已產生相當程度之負面衝擊。美國是我國目前最大之出口市場，我國以出口為導向之經濟對美國市場之依賴度甚大，該市場對我國出口貨品之吸納程度均會立即影響到我國景氣之榮枯。北美自由貿易協定在1994年生效後，墨西哥及加拿大之部分輸美產品挾其優惠關稅及地利之便，已在美國市場上削弱我國之競爭力，對我國輸美貿易造成打擊。同時，受到北美自由貿易協定之衝擊及刺激，整個美洲地區亦加速經濟之整合，對我國出口貿易亦造成負面之衝擊。面對美洲地區區域經濟之貿易排擠效應，我國宜採加入世界貿易組織及簽署有利基之自由貿易協定、強化我國產業之競爭力、健全我國金融體系之結構、適當之行銷策略等因應對策，俾於開拓美洲市場時得以趨吉避凶，提升我國產品在美洲地區之競爭力，尋找市場利基(market niche)之所在，才能在競爭日益激烈之美洲市場中永續生存。
Global trade liberalization has become a popular trend all over the world especially after the cold war. The successive integration and forming of regional trade and economic alliances resulted in massive trading of goods among those that are part of the alliance. This situation, therefore, not only affected those countries that are excluded from the alliance, but it eventually brought a strong negative impact particularly on Taiwan''s export-oriented economy.
The U.S. is currently Taiwan''s biggest market for exports. The amount in which the U.S. imports from Taiwan directly influences Taiwan''s economy. Therefore, it is needless to say that Taiwan relies heavily and depends much on the U.S. for its exports. When the North American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA) was effected in 1994, both Mexico and Canada took full advantage of the favorable tariffs and geographical advantage they have owned to penetrate the U.S. markets together. Other countries in the Americas that have been affected by NAFTA eventually formed economic integration among themselves and are enjoying the trade benefits as a result of their alliance. The economic integration in the Americas also brought a negative impact on Taiwan''s economy.
As regional economic integrations continue to increase and be seen in the Americas today, Taiwan''s economy also continues to suffer and experience depression. The time has now come when Taiwan should take immediate action to continually be competitive in American trade markets. Strategies, such as joining World Trade Organization (WTO), signing suitable trade agreements, strengthening the competitiveness of local enterprises, improving the structure of financial system and marketing policies, can be adopted to upgrade its competitiveness and find out what its market niches in the Americas.
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財政部、經濟部。民國87年。中華民國進出口貨品分類表合訂本。台北：編者。
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台灣區人造纖維紡紗工業同業公會。民國88年。「墨西哥 － 亞洲投資契機」。紡紗會訊季刊(9月）：53。
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經濟部國際貿易局。民國89年。國際貿易情勢分析(3月)：2-1,2-3,2-5。
經濟部國際貿易局、中華民國對外貿易發展協會。民國84年。1995-1996海外市場經貿年報，美洲篇(9月)：281。
經濟部國際貿易局、中華民國對外貿易發展協會。民國85年。1996-1997海外市場經貿年報，美洲篇(9月)： 201,211-212。
經濟部國際貿易局、中華民國對外貿易發展協會。民國87年。1998-1999海外市場經貿年報，美洲篇(9月)： 76,172,213。
經濟部國際貿易局、中華民國對外貿易發展協會。民國88年。1999-2000海外市場經貿年報，美洲篇(9月)： 40-164,188-273,303-380。
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