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題名:從交易與夥伴因素探討製造商與供應商間進行跨組織系統整合
作者:張興亞
作者(外文):Hsing-ya Chang
校院名稱:國立中山大學
系所名稱:資訊管理學系研究所
指導教授:林芬慧
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2009
主題關鍵詞:協同商務跨組織資訊系統整合交易夥伴關係partnershipIOScollaborative commerceintegrationtransaction
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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現今產業競爭激烈,從以往的單打獨鬥進入到供應鏈對供應鏈的戰爭,跨組織資訊系統(Interorganizational system,IOS)便是串聯供應鏈中製造商與供應商的重要工具,供應鏈管理之所以受到重視,主要是因為越來越多人體認到供應鏈才是企業進行競爭分析時的核心單元。
近年來企業間電子商務新興的課題:跨組織資訊系統,就是連結幾個不同組織的資訊系統,以往的研究皆著重於探討跨組織系統的採用與使用,分別從科技、組織、環境(TOE架構)等方面來探討電子化資料交換 (electronic data interchange, EDI)的使用,在今日網際網路技術發達,跨組織資訊系統也從解決日常作業的工具進化到協同商務(Collaborative Commerce)的工具,所以整合成為一個重要的議題;另外,現今科技網路發達,以往較重視區域經濟,廠商只需維持固定的供應鏈關係,而今必須因應瞬息萬變的國際情勢,針對新的市場與競爭提出新的方案,所以跨組織資訊系統的角色也由操作的效率進到協同合作的工具,效率的改進是針對本身競爭力,而協同合作必須考慮到雙方面臨問題時的反應,所以本文從雙方為主體(dyad-centric)出發的觀點,討論影響跨組織資訊系統整合的因素。
本研究聚焦於台灣電子產業,檢視交易與夥伴關係情境下對於跨組織資訊系統整合的影響因素,發現零組件的複雜性、零組件關鍵性、信任、供應商依賴性、供應商投資等五個因素對於跨組織資訊系統的整合具有顯著而正向的影響力,而市場變動性則會對整合產生顯著的負向影響力,需求不確定性則是唯一影響不顯著的因子。在本研究中,發現夥伴關係比交易關係對跨組織資訊系統整合更具重要性,保持協同關係可以促進跨組織系統更深度的整合。
Nowadays, given the high pressure caused by severe competition, establishing a more efficient supply-chain management has become an essential competitive strategy for many manufacturing firms. The inter-organizational systems (IOS) are considered to be the most important instrument that can link manufacturers and suppliers in the supply chain. Thus, supply chain management has become more valuable as more and more people realize that it is the supply chain that is critical when analyzing a company’s advantage competence.
Nowadays, business to business (B2B) commerce is the new subject in e-commerce: IOS are the systems that link several different organizations. In the past, the researchers not only discuss IOS adoption and use from the perspectives of technology, organization and environment. Now, however, they also evaluate factors which impact on the adoption of electronic data interchange (EDI) systems. Because the Internet expands, the role of IOS moves from being merely an operational tool to becoming a collaborative commercial instrument. Thus, integration has become a critical issue. On the other hand, firms have to address the variable environment more than ever, because they not only maintain the fixed supply chain components but also link up with the global market. The role of IOS has progressed from being concerned only with operational efficiency to becoming a collaborative tactical tool. This study emphasizes two major dimensions: transaction and partnership, as the main factors which affect IOS integration in manufacturer-supplier dyads.
Based on a survey of Taiwanese electronics firms, our results show that based on the context of transactions and partnerships, there are five critical factors that have a positive significant effect on IOS integration, that is, the complexity of components, component criticality, trust, supplier dependence and supplier investments. Market variables have negative significant effects on IOS integration. The uncertainty of demand is the only factor that has an insignificant effect on IOS integration. In this study, partnership characteristics are more important than transaction ones. Keeping collaborative relationship will improve the depth of IOS integration.
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