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題名:體育課程介入對大學生體適能、睡眠及生活品質的影響
作者:張世沛
作者(外文):Shih-Pei Chang
校院名稱:國立東華大學
系所名稱:教育與潛能開發學系
指導教授:楊昌斌
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2020
主題關鍵詞:課程體育教學睡眠品質生活品質 (SF-36)健康促進CurriculumPhysical educationSleep quality36-item short form health survey (SF-36)Health promotion
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本研究目的旨在探討體育課程介入後對大學生體適能、睡眠及生活品質的影響。使用匹茲堡睡眠品質量表與SF-36生活品質量表為工具,以中部地區大學生為研究對象,進行體適能檢測及問卷調查,測驗所得數據以SPSS for windows 22.0套裝統計軟體處理,以描述統計、配對t檢定、變異數分析、共變數分析、Tukey事後檢定、McNemar檢定及Pearson相關係數等統計方法,顯著水準定為α=.05。結果發現:一、在運動參與問卷結果,以自己運動方式、每次運動時間31~60分鐘、中等運動強度、男生以球類、女生以有氧運動為主;未來男生希望以運動技能學習、女生以運動減重為方向。二、運動課程與自覺健康狀況比較上,羽球、桌球、籃球、排球、舞蹈及瑜珈等運動課程有顯著差異;羽球、網球、瑜珈等課程與睡眠品質比較上有顯著差異。三、運動課程介入對體適能及生活品質比較上有顯著差異;網球課程在身體疼痛程度 (BP)、一般健康知識 (GH)、活力狀態 (VT)、社交情形 (SF)、情緒功能角色限制 (RE)、心理健康狀態(MH)及整體心理功能層面 (MCS)的分數最高;排球運動課程在身體功能 (PF) 與整體生理功能層面 (PCS)的得分最高;而桌球運動課程則是在身體功能角色限制 (RP)的得分最高。四、睡眠品質與心肺功能有顯著正相關,顯示睡眠品質不佳其心肺功能越差;睡眠品質與整體心理健康 (MCS)及下肢瞬發力、柔軟度有顯著負相關,顯示好的睡眠品質其個人心理素質、下肢肌力與柔軟度會比較好。結論:大學體育課程有其重要性,運動課程介入後確實能改善大學生的體適能睡眠與生活品質,因此建議教育部及大專校院應重新審視體育課程的必要性及修業年限,讓學生在大學階段養成規律運動習慣,相信能提升國民體能,厚植人民的體力。本研究結果將提供大專院校體育相關單位教學上之參考。
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a physical education curriculum on physical fitness, sleep quality, and quality of life. The college students of Central Taiwan participate in the study. The research instruments used were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and 36-item short form health survey (SF-36). The data acquired were processed by SPSS for windows 22.0 software. The description statistical analysis, Paired t-test, Variation analysis, Covariate analysis, Tukey's post hoc test, McNemar test, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis. The significant level was set as α=.05. The results showed that: (1) Students' sports participation: 31 to 60 minutes, medium exercise intensity, and self-exercise as the majority for each time. The sports types were ball games for boys and aerobic sport for girls. The future sports participation directions were the sports skills learning for boys and the weight loss for girls. (2) The students' conscious health, physical fitness, sleep quality, and life quality have improved significantly after the intervention of the physical education curriculum. (3) There are significant differences in physical fitness and life quality after the intervention of various sports courses. There is a highest score in bodily pain (BP), general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), emotional function role restriction (RE), mental health (MH), and mental component scale (MCS) at tennis courses. There is a highest score in physical functioning (PF) and physical component scale (PCS) at volleyball courses. There is a highest score in physical function role restriction (RP) at badminton courses. The sleep quality has significant differences in sleep latency; subjective sleep quality, drug use, and total sleep scores, while other items are not. (4) There is a significant positive correlation between sleep quality and cardiopulmonary function. That shows the poorer sleep quality with the worse the cardiopulmonary function. The sleep quality has a significant negative correlation with mental component scale (MCS), the transient strength, and the softness of the lower limbs. Above showing a good sleep quality with personal psychological quality, lower limb muscle strength, and softness will be better. Conclusion: The University’s physical education curriculum is of great importance to the university career. The physical education curriculum can cultivate the students' regular exercise habits. Through the interaction of the physical education curriculum that can cultivate interpersonal relationships, strengthen physical fitness, improve sleep quality, and life quality. Therefore, it is recommended that the Ministry of Education and colleges should review the necessity of the physical education curriculum, make university physical education curriculum compulsory for at least two years, and develop good habits of regular sports at the university stage. Above that, it can improve the physical fitness of the people and strengthen the strength of the people of the country. The results of this study will provide a reference for sports-related units and physical education.
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