從PAM與CDG檢視聯合國災害韌性指標之在地應用:以高雄市為例_

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題名：	從PAM與CDG檢視聯合國災害韌性指標之在地應用:以高雄市為例
作者：	陳玉慧
作者(外文)：	Yu-Hui Chen
校院名稱：	國立中山大學
系所名稱：	公共事務管理研究所
指導教授：	汪明生
學位類別：	博士
出版日期：	2019
主題關鍵詞：	仙台減災綱領、韌性、災害、公共事務管理、跨域治理；Disaster；Cross-Domain Governan；Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)；Resilience；Public Affairs Management (PAM)
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:0 點閱:1

當面對災害、減少危險情況的不確定性、降低災害發生之機率，如何預防重複受災，已是全球近年來共同面對的重大議題了。國內城市尚未有以公共事務管理(Public Affairs Management, PAM) 與跨域治理（Cross Domain Governance, CDG）檢視聯合國「城市災害韌性記分卡初級版本」10構面與47指標之在地應用。故提出三項研究目的。(一)以行政院第八屆專門諮詢會議「2015-2030年仙台減災綱領指標之現況盤點問卷」63指標為本土化之依據，建立地方政府「2015-2030仙台減災綱領」災害韌性指標問卷，並與聯合國「城市災害韌性記分卡初級版本」10構面與47指標接軌。(二)以本研究問卷，質量化調查，進行高雄市政府災害韌性之案例評估與分析。(三)運用本研究問卷，評析行政院對地方政府災害管理評估方法。
　　本研究統計高雄市政府災害應變中心開設次數，發現高雄市主要災害特性為風水災害，故據此為實證操作案例。透過跨領域專家學者深度訪談，以及蒐集相關政策、機制、計畫或策略，完成本研究問卷建構，並由18位災害管理領域學者專家評量，採雷達圖分析，找出高雄市災害韌性10構面韌性程度。本研究經深度訪談與質量化調查，研究結論如下:
一、高雄市水災災害韌性評估十構面中，「構面1：災害韌性的組織架構」、「構面2：識別，理解和使用當前和未來的風險情況」、「構面4：追求韌性城市的發展」、「構面5：保護自然緩衝資源以強化生態系統提供的保護功能」、「構面6：強化機構對韌性的能力」、「構面8：提高基礎設施的韌性」與「構面9：確保有效的災難應對」與「構面10：加快恢復，恢復良好」等構面皆展現中度韌性，而「構面3：強化財政能力來應對韌性相關活動」與「構面7：瞭解並強化社會對韌性的能力」尚有加強與進步之空間。
二、以本研究問卷評析行政院災害防救業務評分表，其結果發現尚未包括「構面3：強化財政能力來應對韌性相關活動」、「構面4：追求韌性城市的發展」、「構面5：保護自然緩衝資源以強化生態系統提供的保護功能」等三個構面，以致無法據此督促各地方政府於日常業務中，加強規劃並執行與指標相關的作為，以利提升構面韌性。
三、高雄市目前水患防災社區主要推動困難為社區資源不足、社區參與意願、以及社區經費三項問題。
四、高雄市企業參與防災表現，在「構面3:強化財政能力來應對韌性相關活動」的「P3.4企業、社區組織與市民的激勵與融資」是低度韌性，「構面7:瞭解並強化社會對韌性的能力」是中度韌性。
最後，根據研究結果，本研究對政府提出相關建議。

以文找文

While facing the disasters, reducing the uncertainty of dangerous situations, and decreasing the probability of disasters (e.g. flood, earthquake, hurricane, wild-fire, chemical spills, power outage), how to prevent from the disaster repeatedly and to enhance the disaster resilient for governments in dealing with risks have been the major global issues in recent years. Domestic cities have not yet to utilize the Public Affairs Management (PAM) and Cross-Domain Governance (CDG) to review the 10 essentials and 47 indicators of the United Nations “Disaster resilience scorecard for cities - Preliminary Level Assessment (DRS-PLA)” for local application.
There are three research purposes of this study as followings: (1) Establishing the “Indicator Questionnaire of Disaster Resilience for Local Government” of “2015-2030 Sendai Disaster Reduction Framework,” based on the 63 indicators of “2015-2030 Sendai Disaster Reduction Framework - Indicators Inventory” in the eighth session of the Executive Yuan. The assessment criteria are in consistent with 10 essentials and 47 indicators of the United Nations “Disaster resilience scorecard for cities - Preliminary Level Assessment (DRS-PLA).” (2) Executing the qualitative and quantitative methodologies in this research in order to evaluating and analyzing the disaster resiliency cases of Kaohsiung City Government. (3) Using this research questionnaire to evaluate and analyze “The Assessment Method of Local Government Disaster Management” by Executive Yuan.
This study contains the number of implement times of Disaster Response Center, Kaohsiung City Government. It is found that the main disaster characteristics of Kaohsiung City are typhoon and flood, so that it is taken as an empirical case. The research questionnaire is completely constructed throughout in-depth interviews with cross-disciplinary experts and scholars, and by collecting and integrating relevant policies, mechanisms, plans or strategies. Furthermore, the questionnaire is evaluated by 18 scholars and experts, who are specialized in disaster management. The result of Radar chart analysis is pointed out the degree of 10 essentials of disaster resilience in Kaohsiung. This study carries depth-interview and questionnaire investigations. Therefore, the conclusions are as follows:
1. Among the 10 essentials of Kaohsiung City''s flood disaster resilience assessment, “Essential 1: Organize for Resilience”, “Essential 2: Identify, Understand and Use Current and Future Risk Scenarios”, “Essential 4: Pursue Resilient Urban Development”, “Essential 5: Safeguard Natural Buffers to Enhance the Protective Functions Offered by Natural Ecosystems”, “Essential 6: Strengthen Institutional Capacity for Resilience”, “Essential 8: Increase Infrastructure Resilience”, “Essential 9: Ensure Effective Disaster Response”, and “Essential 10: Expedite Recovery and Build Back Better,” above are revealed the middle degree (51~75%) of resilience, while “Essential 3: Strengthen Financial Capacity for Resilience” and “Essential 7: Understand and Strengthen Societal Capacity for Resilience” are still room for improvement.
2. The result of this research questionnaire in evaluating the assessment of the disaster resilient of the Executive Yuan found that three aspects are excluded “Essential 3: Strengthen Financial Capacity for Resilience,” “Essential 4: Pursue Resilient Urban Development”, and “Essential 5: Safeguard Natural Buffers to Enhance the Protective Functions Offered by Natural Ecosystems.” Consequently, it is impossible to urge Local Government to strengthen planning and implementation the indicators-related tasks in their daily operations in order to improve the resilience of essentials.
3. Currently, the promotion difficulties in flood and disaster prevention communities in Kaohsiung are mainly lacking community resources, community willingness to participate, and community funding.
4. In Kaohsiung City, the performance of enterprises’ participations in disaster prevention: “P3.4 Incentives and Financial aids of Enterprises, Community Organizations, and Citizens” in “Essential 3: Strengthen Financial Capacity for Resilience” is the low degree of resilience. Besides, “Essential 7: Understand and Strengthen Societal Capacity for Resilience” is the middle degree of resilience.
Finally, this study provides relative suggestions for governments according to the results of this study.

以文找文

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