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題名:銀行業永續金融之法律研究 -以歐盟為例
作者:易先智
作者(外文):YI, HSIEN-CHIH
校院名稱:中國文化大學
系所名稱:法律學系
指導教授:王煦棋
何曜琛
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2022
主題關鍵詞:永續發展永續金融赤道原則歐洲綠色新政歐盟分類規範臺灣2050淨零排放路徑綠色金融行動方案2.0綠色金融行動方案3.0Sustainable DevelopmentSustainable FinanceEquator PrinciplesEuropean Green DealEU Taxonomy RegulationTaiwan’s Pathway to Net-Zero Emissions in 2050Green Finance Action Plan 2.0Green Finance Action Plan 3.0
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聯合國早於1987年於「我們共同的未來」報告中即提出「既能滿足我們現今的需求,同時又不損及後代子孫滿足他們的需求」之永續發展概念,然而,直至聯合國通過《巴黎協定》,同時伴隨近年陸續發生之極端氣候事件後,永續發展及氣候變遷議題才真正地得到重視,另一方面,作為永續發展支持工具之永續金融也從「赤道原則」、「責任投資原則」一路發展至近年之「責任銀行原則」,形成永續金融之國際規範體系。
歐盟於2019年12月發布「歐洲綠色新政」,承諾2050年成為第一個氣候中和大陸,隨後並將2050年氣候中和目標寫入《歐洲氣候法》。歐盟也透過「永續金融成長行動計畫」,提出包含《歐盟分類規範》、《歐洲綠色債券標準》、《永續金融揭露規範》及《企業永續報告指令》等規範作為永續金融框架,支持歐盟進行全面轉型。
我國甫於2022年3月提出「臺灣2050淨零排放路徑」,將2050年淨零排放目標納入《氣候變遷因應法》草案,並推動臺灣轉型。我國也將透過「綠色金融行動方案2.0」、「綠色金融行動方案3.0」等金融政策,建構永續金融生態體系,將資金引入綠色、永續產業,以利達成臺灣2050年淨零排放目標。本論文將檢視我國目前銀行業之永續金融政策、規範與國際或歐盟有無落差或不足之處,並提出接軌國際之建議作法,以供我國借鑒。
As early as in 1987, the United Nations had mentioned the concept of sustainable development that "meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" in "Our Common Future". However, the issue of sustainable development and climate change did not get real attention until the Paris Agreement and the extreme climate events that have occurred successively in recent years. On the other hand, the sustainable finance as a supporting tool of sustainable development has developed all the way from "Equator Principles" to "Principles for Responsible Investment" and "Principles for Responsible Banking" in recent years, forming an international normative system.
The European Union released the "European Green Deal" in December 2019, promising to be the first climate-neutral continent by 2050, and set the 2050 climate-neutral target into the "European Climate Law" subsequently. The EU also took the " Action Plan: Financing Sustainable Growth " which includes the " EU Taxonomy Regulation", "European Green Bond Standard", " Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation" and "Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive" as the sustainable financial framework to support the comprehensive transitions of the EU.
Taiwan just released "Taiwan’s Pathway to Net-Zero Emissions in 2050" in March 2022, incorporating 2050 net-zero emissions target into the draft of "Climate Change Response Act" and promoting the transitions in Taiwan as well. Taiwan will also build a sustainable financial ecosystem through financial policies such as the "Green Finance Action Plan 2.0" and "Green Finance Action Plan 3.0", and introduce funds into green and sustainable industries to achieve the 2050 net-zero emission target. This doctoral dissertation will examine whether there is a gap or inadequacy between Taiwan and the international or EU, and give suggestions for international integration for Taiwan’s reference.
一、中文文獻
(一)書籍
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2.安侯永續發展顧問股份有限公司,永續金融大不同,安侯企業管理,2021年9月。
3.張靖之、林步昇譯,Bill Gates著,如何避免氣候災難:結合科技與商業的奇蹟,全面啟動淨零碳新經濟,天下雜誌,2021年3月。
4.劉宗聖, 黃昭棠, 張美媛, 張明珠, 許雅惠, 陳威志, 劉偉正, 蘇筱婷, 曾妙蓮, 張哲銘, 林良一, 陳意雯, 何佳倫, 陳柏彰, 李政剛, 張克豪,ESG 12堂趨勢課:用最簡單的方式,找到永續的投資價值,經濟日報,2019年10月。
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(二)期刊
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(三)研究報告
1.孫晉英,「從歐盟碳邊境調整機制(CBAM)談我國碳定價之研析」,立法院法制局專題研究報告,2021年11月。
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3.楊曉文主持,「建置我國ESG資料庫之研究」,資產管理人才培育與產業發展基金委託專題研究,2021年9月。

(四)政府及民間組織資料
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24.財團法人金融聯合徵信中心,「綠色授信」及「永續績效連結授信」註記報送作業線上諮商說明會(110年度),https://member.jcic.org.tw/main_member/member_course_info.aspx?meet_id=237&uid=345&pid=229,最後瀏覽日期:2022年10月5日。
25.產業永續發展整合資訊網,「氣候相關財務揭露(TCFD)」介紹,https://proj.ftis.org.tw/isdn/Message/MessageView/245?mid=47&page=1,最後瀏覽日期:2022年10月5日。
26.經濟部能源局,再生能源展望-氫能篇,https://www.re.org.tw/knowledge/more.aspx?cid=201&id=2158,最後瀏覽日期:2022年10月5日。
27.資訊工業策進會科技法律研究所,歐盟「Fit for 55」溫室氣體減量政策,https://stli.iii.org.tw/article-detail.aspx?no=64&tp=1&d=8708,最後瀏覽日期:2022年10月5日。
28.資訊工業策進會科技法律研究所,歐盟於2020年3月提出「歐洲氣候法」草案以實踐零碳排願景,https://stli.iii.org.tw/article-detail.aspx?no=64&tp=1&d=8503,最後瀏覽日期:2022年10月5日。
29.彰化商業銀行,董事會成員,https://www.bankchb.com/frontend/mashup.jsp?funcId=28d17c8a15,最後瀏覽日期:2022年10月5日。
30.彰化商業銀行,彰化銀行為實踐責任授信,正式簽署「赤道原則」,https://www.bankchb.com/frontend/newspaperDetail.jsp?id=525,最後瀏覽日期:2022年10月5日。
31.臺灣集中保管結算所,集保結算所首推全球多元ESG資訊平台,助攻臺灣市場永續轉型,https://www.tdcc.com.tw/portal/zh/news/content/4028979572b782710172e599199c0018,最後瀏覽日期:2022年10月5日。
32.臺灣證券交易所,公司治理評鑑-111年度(第九屆)公司治理評鑑系統修正總說明,https://cgc.twse.com.tw/static/20211229/8a828e177dfff6f1017e03d909c90000_%E9%99%84%E4%BB%B6%E4%B8%80_111%E5%B9%B4%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E6%B2%BB%E7%90%86%E8%A9%95%E9%91%91%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%E4%BF%AE%E6%AD%A3%E7%B8%BD%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E.pdf,最後瀏覽日期:2022年10月5。
33.蔡沛倫,蔡沛倫觀點:氣候變遷已成「國際和平與安全威脅」?,https://www.storm.mg/article/1010172?mode=whole,最後瀏覽日期:2022年10月5日。
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35.聯合國新聞,美國正式退出《巴黎協定》聯合國表示將繼續與該國利益攸關方和全球夥伴致力於氣候行動,https://news.un.org/zh/story/2020/11/1070942,最後瀏覽日期:2022年10月5日。
36.聯合國新聞,聯合國秘書長歡迎美國重新加入有關氣候變化的《巴黎協定》和重返世界衛生組織,https://news.un.org/zh/story/2021/01/1076152,最後瀏覽日期:2022年10月5日。
37.聯合新聞網,櫃買中心永續發展債券專板正式啟動,https://udn.com/news/story/7239/5466007,最後瀏覽日期:2022年4月21日。



二、英文文獻
(一)書籍
1.DONELLA H. MEADOWS, DENNIS L. MEADOWS, JØRGEN RANDERS, WILLIAM W. BEHRENS III, THE LIMITS TO GROWTH (Universe Books, New York, NY, 1972).

(二)期刊
1.Mark Nevitt, Is Climate Change A Threat to International Peace and Security?, 42 Mich. J. Int'l L. (2021).
2.Sarah E. Light, Christina P. Skinner, Banks and Climate Governance, 121 Colum. L. Rev. (2021).
3.Stephen Kim Park, Investors as Regulators: Green Bonds and the Governance Challenges of the Sustainable Finance Revolution, 54 Stan. J. Int'l L. (2018).
4.Thomas Lee Hazen, Social Issues in the Spotlight: The Increasing Need to Improve Publicly-Held Companies' Csr and Esg Disclosures, 23 U. Pa. J. Bus. L. (2021).
5.Virginia Harper Ho, Modernizing Esg Disclosure, 2022 U. Ill. L. Rev. (2022).

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4.EU Technical Expert Group on Sustainable Finance, Report on EU Green Bond Standard (June 2019).
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6.Action Plan: Financing Sustainable Growth, COM (2018) 97 final (March 8, 2018).
7.Commission Staff Working Document Impact Assessment Report, SWD (2021) 181 final (July 6, 2021).
8.Commission Staff Working Document Impact Assessment, SWD (2021) 150 final (April 21, 2021).
9.European Commission, Consultation Document Review of the Non-Financial Reporting Directive (February 20, 2020).
10.'Fit for 55': Delivering the EU's 2030 Climate Target on the Way to Climate Neutrality, at 6, COM (2021) 550 final (July 14, 2021).
11.European Commission, Directorate-General for Communication, Leyen, U. (2020) Political guidelines for the next European Commission 2019-2024; Opening statement in the European Parliament plenary session 16 July 2019; Speech in the European Parliament plenary session 27 November 2019. Publications Office of the European Union.
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13.Strategy for Financing the Transition to a Sustainable Economy, COM (2021) 390 final (July 6, 2021).
14.The European Green Deal, COM (2019) 640 final (December 11, 2019).
15.Germanwatch, New Climate Institute & Climate Action Network, Climate Change Performance Index 2021 (December 2020).
16.Germanwatch, Newclimate Institute & Climate Action Network, Climate Change Performance Index 2022 (November 2021).
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18.GSSB, GRI 101: Foundation (2016).
19.ICMA, Sustainable Finance High-Level Definitions (May 2020).
20.ICMA, The Green Bond Principles: Voluntary Process Guidelines for Issuing Green Bonds (June 2021).
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25.SASB, Basis for Conclusions: Commercial Bank Industry (October 2018).
26.South Centre, Risks and Uses of the Green Economy Concept in the Context of Sustainable Development, Poverty and Equity (July 2011).
27.Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI), International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD), ODI, E3G, and UNEP, The Production Gap: 2021 Report (October 2021).
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36.UNEP, WWF and IUCN, World Conservation Strategy: Living Resource Conservation for Sustainable Development (1980).
37.UNEP Finance Initiative, Principles for Responsible Banking: Shaping Our Future (November 2018).
38.World Bank Group, Developing a National Green Taxonomy: A World Bank Guide (June 2020).
39.World Bank Group, Groundswell: Preparing for Internal Climate Migration (March 19, 2018).
40.WWF, Australia’s 2019-2020 Bushfires: The Wildlife Toll (July 31, 2020).

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