水平面概念與水平面高度測量概念發展的相關性研究__臺灣人文及社會科學引文索引資料庫

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題名：	水平面概念與水平面高度測量概念發展的相關性研究
書刊名：	科學教育學刊
作者：	黃湘武
作者(外文)：	Huang, Hsiang-wu
出版日期：	2000
卷期：	8:2
頁次：	頁157-177
主題關鍵詞：	水平面；空間；參考座標系；成長；概念；皮亞傑；Water level；Space；Reference frame；Development；Concept；Piaget
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:2 點閱:81

　　　　　本報告係關於學生水平面概念與水面高度測量能力發展的相關性研究。我們發現，學童的水面高度測量概念相當於學童建構一外在二維參考座標系的能力，它是水平面概念發展的必要條件。在954位表現正確水平面概念的學童中，有約97﹪的人同時也表現正確的水面高度測量概念，或二維參考座標系的能力。我們也發現，水面高度測量概念或參考座標系能力並非水平面概念的充份條件。在1681位表現正確水面高度測量概念或二維參考座標系能力的學童中，只有約55﹪的人同時也表現正確的水平面概念。此種非充份性，解釋了水平面概念在教學效果上的有限性。先達到正確水面高度測量的學生人數，約為先達到正確水平面概念的人數的30倍（p＜0.001）。我們也發現，多數學童在不同題目所表現的水面高度測量的錯誤模式並不固定，而係呈現一種跳躍式的變化。此種現象，顯示這些學童在不同的題目考慮水面高度測量的方式時，是在對不同部份的空間進行關係的建構。因此二維參考座標系能力，或水面高度測量概念，僅係代表學童的一種部份的空間建構能力。本研究採用的是示範式的群測法，測試樣本包括國小，國中，及高工等共約2400名學生。本研究結果增進了我們對於學童空間概念發展的進一步瞭解，為未來有關的教學診斷或設計提供有價值的參考。

以文找文

　　　　　This was a correlational study of the development of students' conceptions of water-line horizontality and water-line height measurement. It was found that the conception of correct water-line height measurement was equivalent to the mental ability of constructing an external reference frame and, thus, was a necessary condition for the conceptual development of water-line horizontality. Of the 954 students who demonstrated a correct conception of horizontality, as much as 97% demonstrated a correct conception of height measurement. We also found that a correct conception of height measurement was not a sufficient condition for a correct conception of horizontality. Of the 1681 students who demonstrated a correct conception of height measurement, only about 55% of demonstrated a correct conception of horizontality. This insufficiency explained the students' limited learning in any activity. The ration of students who first developed the correct conception of height measurement to those who first developed a correct conception of horizontality was about 30 (p<0.001). The data also indicated the type of incorrect height measurements peformed by students changed from problem to problem. These changes indicated that the process of choosing the type of height measurement in different problem involved different aspects of space construction. The conception of height measurement, or the construction ability. A group of 2400 elementary school, high school, and vocational school students comprised the sample. The study improved our understanding of students' conceptual development of space, and the results will be valuable for the design or diagnosing of additional learning activities.

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Piaget, J.(1964)。Cognitive development in children: Piaget development and learning。Journal of Research in Science Teaching，2(3)，176-186。
2.	黃湘武、邱韻如、莊福泰(199509)。我國學生水平面及空間概念成長之研究。科學教育學刊，3(2)，167-188。延伸查詢

圖書
1.	Piaget, J.、Inhelder, B.(1956)。The child's conception of space。New York：Humanities Press, Inc.。
2.	Piaget, J.、Inhelder, B.、Szeminska, A.(1960)。The Child's Conception of geometry。London：New York：Rouledge：W. W. Norton & COPMany：Basic book。

其他
1.	黃湘武、邱韻如(1997)。水平面概念的群體式實驗學習和個別式自我學習的效果研究。延伸查詢
2.	Abravanel, E.; Gingold, H.(1977)。Perceiving and representing orientation: effects of the spatial framework。
3.	Abravanel, E.; Gingold, H.(1982)。Evidence for perceptual influences in understanding liquid level invariance。
4.	Asch, S. E.; Witkin, H. A.(1948)。Studies in space orientation: Perception of the upright with displaced visual fields。
5.	Beilin, H.; Kagan, J.; Rabinowitz, R.(1966)。Effects of verbal and perceptual training on water level representation。
6.	Foorman, B. R.(1981)。A neopiagetian analysis of four-year-olds' performance on water-level task。
7.	Ford, L. H.(1970)。Predictive versus perceptual responses to Piaget's water-line task and their relation to distance conservation。
8.	Kalichman, S. C.(1987)。Water running-up-hill: a closer look at sex difference in perceiving the invariant horizontality of liquids。
9.	Laurendeau, M.; Pinard, A.(1970)。The development of the concept of space in the child。
10.	Liben, L. S.(1974)。Operative understanding of horizontality and its relation to long-term memory。
11.	Liben, L. S.(1978)。Performance on piagetian spatial task as a function of sex, field dependence, and training。
12.	Liben, L. S.(1991)。Adults' performance on horizontality tasks: Conflicting frames of reference。
13.	Liben, L. S.; Golbeck, S. L.(1980)。Sex differences in performance on piagetian spatial tasks: Differences in competence or performance ?。
14.	Liben, L. S.; Golbeck, S. L.(1984)。Performance on piagetian horizontality and verticality tasks: Sex related differences in knowledge of relevant physical phenomena。
15.	Liben, L. S.; Golbeck, S. L.(1986)。Adults' demonstration of underlying euclidean concepts in relation to task context。
16.	Maxwell, J. W.; Croake, J. W.; Biddle, A. P.(1975)。Sex differences in the comprehension of spatial Orientation。
17.	McGillicuddy-De Lisi, A. V.; De Lisi, R.; Youniss, J.(1978)。Representation of the horizontal coordinate with and without liquid。
18.	Perner, J.; Kohlmann, R.; Wimmer, H.(1984)。Young children's recognition and use of the vertical and horizontal in drawings。
19.	Piaget, J.(1960)。The Psychology of Intelligence。
20.	Randall, T. M.(1980)。Training the horizontality concept in a group of nontransitional children。
21.	Siegel, S.(1956)。Nonparametric statics for the behavioral sciences。
22.	Signorella, M. L.; Jamison, W.(1978)。Sex differences in the correlations among field dependence, spatial ability, sex role orientation, and performance on Piaget's water-level task。
23.	Smedslund, J.(1963)。The effect of observation on children's representation of the spatial orientation of a water surface。
24.	Thomas, H.; Jamison, W.(1975)。On the acquisition of understanding that still water is horizontal。
25.	Thomas, H.; Turner, G. F. W.(1991)。Individual differences and development in waterlevel task performance。
26.	Thompson, E. G.; Mann, I.; Harris, L. J.(1981)。Relationships among cognitive complexity, sex, and spatial task performance in college students。
27.	Vasta, R.; Lightfoot, C.; Cox, B. D.(1993)。Understanding gender differences on the waterlevel problem: The role of spatial perception。
28.	Willemsen, E.; Reynolds, B.(1973)。Sex differences in adults' judgments of the horizontal。

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