Medical care environment has changed rapidly for the past few years in Taiwan. Increasing competition after the implementation of the National Health Insurance has made many hospitals to adjust their management policies in order to lower their cost and maintain their qualities of health care. The adjustments on the management plicies have also changed the function of social workers in hospitals. In this research, 82 hospitals were selected and 190 questionnaires were distributed to senior social workers with experience of 4 years or more. 89 questionnaires returned are valid and the returning rate is 46.8%. The result of this research shows as follows: 1. After the implementation of National Health Insurance, most of social work has been increased and only a small part of it decreased. The one increased most is the authentication of disability and the one decreased most is the assistance for applying for medical care subvention. 2. For the medical care environment and health policy, socials workers considered that the aging of population morphology has the most influence on their jobs, the change of family function is the second most important factor, and the establishment of medical care development foundation has the least influence. 3. For the changes of the functions of social work in the hospitals, the one increased most is to deal with personal problems of the patients and secondly, the services for discharging. On the other hand, the public relation and administration work has been decreased.