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題名:Poplarism 抗爭模式--1920年代英國中央與地方政府社會救助角色之轉變
書刊名:社會發展研究學刊
作者:郭銀漢
作者(外文):Kuo, Yin-han
出版日期:2002
卷期:4
頁次:頁59-73
主題關鍵詞:舊濟貧法新濟貧法濟貧法協會濟貧法監督The old poor law actThe new poor law actPoor law unionBoard of guardian
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:26
本論文主要探討英國社會救助政策集中化之緣起,而其中之主要關鍵因素,即所謂Poplarism抗爭模式。而此一抗爭模式之形成,是由Poplar濟貧法協會於西元1920年代所發起,當時Poplar濟貧法協會面對不合理的濟貧分配制度及受到新興選民壓力與中央政府發生一連串衝突與抗爭,而這種地方以濫發救助金之手段來挑戰中央政府之社會救助政策,被定義為所謂之Poplarism。同時中央政府為防範此一Poplarism在全英國蔓延,甚至因而引發革命,危及其政權穩定,被迫進行一連串地方濟貧制度改革。最後英國中央政府於西元1929年全面廢除地方濟貧法協會並將其職權轉移至縣級政府,雖然此一變革沒有全面解決英國各地濟貧標準不一之現象,並於1930年代初期引發另一波Poplarism抗爭事件,即縣級政府公共救助委員會拒絕執行中央政府之社會救助「資產調查」標準,最後迫使中央政府於西元1934年創立「失業救助局」,全面接管失業救助發放與資產調查事宜。就歷史觀點言,1920年代英國中央政府開始進行一連串社會救助政策改革及向社會救助集中化邁進,Poplarism無疑為其最大催化因素。
This study aims at exploring the process of social assistance centralization in England. A mass unemployment during the 1920s not only led to the xhaustion of the National Insurance Fund, but also rendered the workhouse test impossible. Moreover, almost all the unemployed and paupers had voting right as a result of the Representation of People Act of 1918. This new political force not only led to the Poplar poor law union ignored the central orders and paid generous relief scale to their own poor people, but also triggered a series of struggles between the central government and local poor law authorities, and a national social assistance system was eventually formed in England in 1934.
期刊論文
1.Dunkley, Peter(1974)。The 'Hungry Forty', and The New Poor Law: A Case Study。The Historical Journal,17(2),329-346。  new window
2.Midwinter, Eric(1967)。State Intervention at the Local Level: the New Poor Law in Lancashire。The Historical Journal,10(1),106-112。  new window
3.Midwinter, Eric(1968)。Central and Local Government in Mid-Nineteenth Century Lancashire。Northern Historical Journal,2,155-161。  new window
4.Searby, Peter(1977)。The Relief of The Poor in Coventry, 1830-1963。The Historical Journal,20(2),345-361。  new window
研究報告
1.HMSO(1909)。Report of Royal Commission on the Poor Law and Relief of Distress。  new window
2.MoH(1928)。Proposals for Reform in Local Government and in the Financial Relations between the Exchequers and Local Authority。  new window
3.PRO(19231015)。Cabinet Memoranda。  new window
學位論文
1.Jennings, James Milton(1989)。Local Politics and the Labour Left in Inter-war London: ‘Poplarism’ and the Administration of the Poor Law, 1929-1934(碩士論文)。University of North Carolina。  new window
2.Mawson, P.(1971)。Poor Law Administration in South Shield: 1830-1930(碩士論文)。University of Newcastle。  new window
圖書
1.Barr, Nicholas(1993)。The Economics of the Welfare State。London:Weidenfeld & Nicolson。  new window
2.Branson, Noreen、Heinemann, Margot(1971)。Britain in the Nineteen Thirties。London:Panther。  new window
3.Branson, Noreen(1977)。Britain in the Nineteen Twenties。London:Weidenfeld & Nicolson。  new window
4.Branson, Noreen(1979)。Poplarism: 1919-1925。London:Weidenfeld & Nicolson。  new window
5.Clarke, John J.(1935)。Social Administration including the Poor Law。London:Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons。  new window
6.De Schweinitz, Karl(1943)。England’s Road to Social Security。New York:A. S. Barues。  new window
7.Ford, P.、Ford, G.(1951)。A Breviate of Parliamentary Papers: 1917-1939。Oxford:Basil Blackwell。  new window
8.Fraser, Derek(1973)。The Evolution of the British Welfare State。London:MacMillan。  new window
9.Gilbert, Bentley B.(1970)。British Social Policy: 1914-1939。London:B. T. Batsford。  new window
10.Hay, J. R.(1975)。The Origins of the Liberal Welfare Reform 1906-1914。London:Macmillan。  new window
11.Hill, Michael J.(1993)。Understanding Social Policy。Oxford:Blackwell。  new window
12.Jackson, P. W.(1972)。Local Government。London:Butterworths。  new window
13.Keith-Lucas, Bryan、Richards, Peter G.(1978)。A History of Local Government in the Twentieth Century。London:George Allen & Unwin。  new window
14.Party, Labour(1920)。Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party。London:Labour Party。  new window
15.Lloyd, T. O.(1993)。Empire, Welfare State, Europe: English History 1906-1992。Oxford:Oxford University。  new window
16.Pearce, Clifford(1980)。The Machinery of Change in Local Government 1888-1974: A Study of Central Involvement。London:George Allen & Unwin。  new window
17.Prest, A. R.、Barr, N. A.(1979)。Public Finance: In Theory and Practice。London:Weidenfeld & Nicolson。  new window
18.Richards, Peter G.(1975)。The New Local Government System。London:George Allen & Unwin。  new window
19.Roberts, Clayton、Roberts, David(1980)。A History of England。New Jersey:Englewood Cliffs。  new window
20.Roberts, Clayton、Roberts, David(1985)。A History of England。New Jersey:Englewood Cliffs。  new window
21.Rose, Michael E.(1971)。The English Poor Law 1780-1930。Newton Abbot:David & Charles。  new window
22.Rose, Michael E.(1972)。The Relief of Poverty, 1834-1914。London:Macmillan。  new window
23.Webb, Sidney、Webb, Beatrice(1929)。English Poor Law History: Part II: The Last Hundred Years。London:Longmans。  new window
24.Thane, Pat(1996)。Foundation of the Welfare State。London:Longmans。  new window
25.Friedlander, Walter A.、Apte, Robert Z.(1980)。Introduction to Social Welfare。Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey:Prentice-Hall。  new window
 
 
 
 
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