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題名：Are Structure or Agency Based Approach More Persuasive to the Study of Democratization﹖
書刊名：國家發展研究
作者：黃國宬 引用關係
作者(外文)：Huang, Kuo-cheng
出版日期：2003
卷期：2:2
頁次：頁135-162
主題關鍵詞：民主化；民主轉型；結構；行為者；途徑依賴；Democratization；Transition to democracy；Path-dependent
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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關於民主化研究的文獻可依其研究途徑區分為兩大陣營。「結構取向」的研究途徑強調有利於民主的先決條件，而「行為者取向」的研究途徑則關注於民主化過程中行為者之影響力。藉由探討其內在缺陷，本文認為，不論是結構取向或行為者取向之研究途徑，二者皆未能提出令人信服之解釋來說明民主化如何且為何會發生。 同時，本文也將指出，由淤此二研究派別彼此之間的一些誤解，導致二者皆對對方做出了一些有失公允的批評。為此，一些學者已試圖調解結構取向及行為者取向研究途徑之間的爭端。僅管此類理論整合的工作並不容易，但其中「途程依賴」的研究途徑仍不失為一個較為成功的嘗試。
The existing literatures in the study of democratisation are dominated by two types of approaches. The structure-based approaches emphasize the importance of the requisites that are conducive to democracy; and the agency-based approaches focus on the role of political actors and the influences of their behaviors. By pointing out their intrinsic problems, this paper suggests that both types of approaches have failed to provide convincing explanations for the cause of democratization. This paper also argues that; because of the mutual misunderstandings, both the structure-based and agency-based approaches have made inappropriate criticism against each other. As a respond to this situation, some recent works had tried to reconcile the disputes between structure-based and agency-based approaches. This paper indicates that such efforts for striking a theoretical convergence have also confronted great difficulties. Nonetheless, the path-dependent approach, where the role of the actors is taken into account with the inspection on the structural constraints, is a relatively successful attempt.
期刊論文
1.Lipset, Seymour Martin。The Social Requisites of Democracy Revisited: 1993 Presidential Address。American Sociological Review，59(1)，1-22。  new window
2.Karl, Terry Lynn(1990)。Dilemmas of Democratization in Latin America。Comparative Politics，23(1)，1-23。  new window
3.Huntington, Samuel P.(1984)。Will More Countries Become Democratic?。Political Science Quarterly，99(2)，193-218。  new window
4.Chou, Yangsun、Nathan, Andrew J.(1987)。Democratizing Transition in Taiwan。Asian Survey，27(3)，277-299。  new window
5.Lipset, Seymour Martin(1959)。Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy。The American Political Science Review，53(1)，69-105。  new window
6.Rustow, Dankwart A.(1970)。Transitions to Democracy: Toward a Dynamic Model。Comparative Politics，2(3)，337-363。  new window
圖書
1.Rueschemeyer, Dietrich、Stevens, Evelyne Huber、Stephens, John D.(1992)。Capitalist Development and Democracy。Chicago：Cambridge：University of Chicago Press：Polity。  new window
2.O'Donnell, Guillermo、Schmitter, Philippe C.(1986)。Transitions From Authoritarian Rules: Tentative Conclusions About Uncertain Democracies。Baltimore：The Johns Hopkins University Press。  new window
3.Rigger, Shelley(1999)。Politics in Taiwan: Voting for Democracy。Routledge。  new window
4.Lipset, Seymour Martin(1960)。Political Man。London：Heinemann。  new window
5.Huntington, Samuel Phillips(1991)。The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century。University of Oklahoma Press。  new window
6.Moore, Barrington Jr.(1966)。Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World。Beacon Press。  new window
7.Linz, Juan José、Stepan, Alfred C.(1996)。Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe。The Johns Hopkins University Press。  new window
其他
1.Bermeo, Nancy(1990)。Rethinking Regime Change。  new window
2.Bollen, K. A. and Jackman R. W.(1985)。Economic and Noneconomic Determinants of Political Democracy in the 1960s'。  new window
3.Cohen, Y.(1987)。Democracy From Above: The Political Origins of Military Dictatorship in Brazil。  new window
4.Di Palma(1990)。Giuseppe，Berkeley：University of California Press。  new window
5.Diamond, Larry.(1989)。Beyond Authoritarianism and Totalitarianism: Strategies for Democratization。  new window
6.Gill, Graeme.(2000)。The Dynamics of Democratization: Elites, Civil Society and the Transition Process，London：MacMillan。  new window
7.Hagopian, Frances(1990)。Democracy by Undemocratic Means? Elites, Political Pacts, and Regime Transition in Brazil。  new window
8.Higley, John and Burton Michael G.(1989)。The Elite Variable in Democratic Transitions and Breakdowns。  new window
9.Karl, Terry Lynn.(1986)。Petroleum and Political Pacts: The Transition to Democracy in Venezuela。  new window
10.Karl, Terry Lynn and Schmitter Philippe C(1991)。Modes of Transition in Latin America, Southern and Eastern Europe。  new window
11.Kitschelt, Herbert.(1992)。Political Regime Change: Structure and Process-Driven Explanations?。  new window
12.Kitschelt, Herbert,(1993)。Comparative Historical Research and Rational Choice Theory: The Case of Transition to Democracy。  new window
13.Kullberg, Judith.(1998)。A Unified Theory of Democratic Change。  new window
14.Lee, Kuo-hsiung(2000)。How Democracy is Discussed and Understood in the U.S., Taiwan, and Mainland China。  new window
15.Lin, Chia-lung.(1999)。Explaining Taiwan's Democratization。  new window
16.Linz, Juan J.(1999)。Some Thoughts on Democratic Transition。  new window
17.Lipset, Seymour Martin Seong Kyoung-Ryung and Torres John Charles.(1993)。A Comparative Analysis of the Social Requisites of Democracy.。  new window
18.Potter, David Glodblatt David Kiloh Margaret and Lewis Paul (eds.)(1997)。Democratization，Cambridge：Polity Press。  new window
19.Sorensen, Georg.(1998)。Democracy and Democratization，Oxford：Westview Press。  new window
20.Tien, Hung-ma(1992)。Transformation of an Authoritarian Party State: Taiwan's Development Experience。  new window
21.Vanhanen, Tatu ed(1992)。Strategies of Democratization，Washington DC：Taylor and Francis。  new window
22.Weiner, Myron(1987)。Empirical Democratic Theory and the Transition From Authoritarianism to Democracy。  new window
 
 
 
 
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