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題名:洪堡德所奠立之地理學的一種美學傳統
書刊名:地理研究
作者:池永歆 引用關係
作者(外文):Chyr, Yeong-shin
出版日期:2005
卷期:43
頁次:頁43-60
主題關鍵詞:洪堡德地理學美學統一性Alexander von HumboldtGeographyAestheticsUnity
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(5) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:4
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  • 點閱點閱:46
地理學界對亞歷山大.馮.洪堡德(Alexander von Humboldt、1769-1859)思想學說的關注,常以作為地理學思想史上的洪堡德而認識他。在論及洪堡德的地理學思想史的專著中,例如哈特向(Hartshorne)的《地理學的性質》(The Nature of Geography)、狄克生(Dickinson)所撰之《現代地理學的創建者》(The Makers of Modern Geography)或者是詹姆士(James)與馬丁(Martin)所撰寫的《大千世界:地理學理念史》(All Possible World:A History of Geographical Ideas),咸認洪堡德是一位具備博學知識的博物學家以及現代地理學的奠基者、創建人,對許多領域均有豐碩的貢獻。論及洪堡德對地理學的看法,通常包括:他對系統地理學(systematic geography)發展的貢獻、根據區域現象之相互關聯的整體研究而對個別區域做解釋性描述,以及他強調人是自然的一部分與自然具有合諧與統一性的觀點(Hartshorne,1939: 78-79、Dickinson、1969、James與Martin,1993: 112-126)等等。 洪堡德的著作對19世紀的影響,擴及許多科學研究的領域,包括:地質學、地球物理學、地理學與生物學等;例如,達爾文(Charles Darwin、1809-1882)在1881年一封給虎克(Hooker)的信中,就形容洪堡德為「曾經存在之最偉大的科學旅行者」(the greatest scientific traveler who ever lived)。當達爾文乘坐獵犬號從事科學探險時,隨身攜帶洪堡德的著作,後來並回憶到這些洪堡德的著作改變他一生的整個過程(Richards,2003: 92-93)。 美國文學家愛默生(Ralph Waldo Emerson、1803-1882)在洪堡德100歲冥誕時(1869年),曾著專文將其描述為「世界的奇才之一,就像亞里斯多德、就像凱薩......,他不時地出現,彷彿向我們展現人類理智的潛在價值----一位博學多才的人(a universal man)......。」這位「博學多才的人」的知性遺產(intellectual legacy),對當代人文主義地理學(humanistic geography)的研究具有啟迪作用,這些在人文主義地理學的奠立者段義孚(Yi-Fu Tuan)如下的論述中可清楚地見到(Tuan,1999: 86): 亞歷山大.馮.洪堡德對我來說是一個英雄,有著明顯的理由。他是現代自然地理學的奠基者,而我做為一名自然地理學者開始我的事業。他對於地理學的探索史做了出眾的貢獻,並是最先運用景觀畫與詩歌以延伸地理經驗範圍的其中一位----感情、情緒與概念----這些構成人文主義地理學的領域,是我成年歲月的知性焦點。
Alexander von Hunboldt is called “a universall man”, and one of the founders of modern geography. Humboldt, consciously combined science with art, and showed that art could also be a part of the scientist's whole world view, especially illuminated the view of the unity of art and science, had laid solid foundation for an aesthetic tradition in geography. This paper will broadly explore an aesthetic tradition in geography found in Humboldt's writings. Firstly, it will demonstrate that Humboldt's American exploration was deeply imbued with the character of science and art, and then makes investigations into the central theme of Humboldt's writings, the idea of unity in science and art, which is explained and elucidated by Humboldt himself in his magnum opus, Cosmos. At last, this paper will further turn to the influence of Humboldt's idea of aesthetics on landscape painter F. E. Church. In modern geography, the dualism between human and physical geography has made geography fragmented, and shows no integration in this discipline. The legacy of Humboldt's geography may provide geographers with new hiorizons, and enables them to rethink the nature of geography.
期刊論文
1.Cosgrove, Denis(1985)。Prospect, Perspective, and the Evolution of the Landscape Idea。Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers,10(1),45-62。  new window
2.Tuan, Yi-Fu(1991)。A view of geography。The Geographical Review,81(1),99-107。  new window
3.Velasco, Daniel(2000)。Island Landscape: Following in Humboldt's Footsteps through the Acoustic Spaces of the Tropics。Leonardo Music Journal,10,21-24。  new window
4.Bunkse, E. V.(1981)。Humboldt and an aesthetic tradition in geography。Geographical Review,71(2),379-394。  new window
會議論文
1.Tuan, Yi-Fu(1997)。Alexander von Humboldt and His Brother; Portrait of an Ideal Geographer in Our Time。Alexander von Humboldt Lecture。UCLA, Department of Geography。  new window
圖書
1.Martin, Geoffrey J.、James, Preston E.(1993)。All Possible World: A History of Geographical Ideas。New York:John Wiley & Sons, INC。  new window
2.Livingstone, David N.(1992)。The Geographical Tradition: episodes in the history of a contested enterprise。Blackwell。  new window
3.Humboldt, Alexander von、Wilson, Jason(1995)。Personal Narrative of a Journey to the Equinoctial Regions of the New Continent。New York:Penguin Books。  new window
4.赫特納,阿爾夫雷德、王蘭生(1997)。地理學:它的歷史、性質和方法。北京:商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
5.Buttimer, Anne(1993)。Geography and the Human Spirit。London:The Johns Hopkins University Press。  new window
6.Dickinson, Robert E.(1969)。The Makers of Modern Geography。New York:Friederich A. Praeger。  new window
7.Gade, Daniel W.(1999)。Nature and Culture in the Andes。Madison:University of Wisconsin Press。  new window
8.Godlewska, Anne、Claire, Marie(1999)。Geography Unbound: French Geographic Science from Cassini to Humboldt。Chicago:University of Chicago Press。  new window
9.Hartshome, Richard(1939)。The Nature of Geography。Lancaster, Penn:Association of American Geographers。  new window
10.Tuan, Yi-Fu(1999)。Who Am I ?: An Autobiography of Emotion, Mind,and Spirit。Madison:University of Wisconsin Press。  new window
11.Pratt, M. L.(1992)。The imperial eye: Travel writing and transculturation。London。  new window
12.Tuan, Yi-Fu(1993)。Passing Strange and Wonderful: Aesthetics, Nature and Culture。Washington, DC:Island Press/Shearwater Books。  new window
13.Tuan, Yi-Fu(1974)。Topophilia: A Study of Environmental Perception, Attitudes, and Values。Prentice-Hall。  new window
14.Kant, Immanuel、何兆武(2001)。論優美感與崇高感。北京:商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
15.Helferich, G.(2004)。Gerard. Humboldt's cosmos: Alexander von Humboldt and the Latin American Journey that Changed the Way We See the World。New York。  new window
16.Humboldt, Alexander von、Otte, E. C.(1997)。Cosmos: A Sketch of a Physical Description of the Universe。Baltimore:The Johns Hopkins University Press。  new window
17.Pohl, Frances K.(2002)。Framing America: A Social History of American Art。New York:Thames & Hudson。  new window
18.Bowen, M.(1981)。Empiricism and Geographical Thought。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
其他
1.(2003)。《大英簡明百科》知識庫光碟,台北:遠流出版公司。  延伸查詢new window
2.Baron, Frank(2005)。From Alexander von Humboldt to Frederic Edwin Church: Voyages of Scientific Exploration and Artistic Creativit,http://www.hin-onllne.de/。  new window
3.1881 年8月寫給虎克(J, D.Hooker)的信,http://pages.britishlibrair.net/charles.darwln。  new window
4.艾默生全集,http://www.rwe.org/comm/。  延伸查詢new window
5.洪堡德未濃縮與刪節的英譯三卷本的《個人敘述》列爲 「北美 」部分的 16、17 與 18,http://www.travelbooksonline.com/。  延伸查詢new window
6.洪堡德對欽博拉索山的科學的呈現,http://www.ku.edu/〜maxkade/humboldt/subwashington.htm #5。  延伸查詢new window
7.安地斯山之心,http://www.metmuseum.org/home.asp。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Nicolson, Malcolm(1995)。Historical Introduction。Personal Narrative of A Journey to the Equinoctial Regions of the New Continent。New York:Penguin Books。  new window
2.Rupke, Nicolaas A(1997)。Introduction to the 1997 Edition。Cosmos:A Sketch of the Physical Description of the Universe。Baltimore:The Johns Hopkins University Press。  new window
3.Richards, Robert J.(2003)。Darwin on mind, morals and emotions。The Cambridge Companion to Darwin。Cambridge。  new window
4.Seamon, David(1978)。Goethe's Approach to the Natural World: Implications for Environmental Theory and Education。Humanistic Geography-Prospects and Problems。Chicago:Maaroufa Press。  new window
5.Wright, John Kirtland(1966)。The Heights of Mountains "An istorical Notice"。Human nature in geography: fourteen papers 1925-1965。Cambridge, Mass:Harvard University Press。  new window
6.Meinig, D.W.,(1979)。The Beholding Eye: Ten Versions of the Same Scene。The Interpretation of Ordinary Landscapes: Geographical Essays。New York:Oxford University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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