目標：本研究主要調查臺灣中部地區運輸從業人員檳榔嚼食率，以及探討職場環境影響嚼食行為之相關因素。 方法：本研究採橫斷性研究，以臺灣地區嚼食檳榔盛行率最高之三個地區 (彰化縣市、南投縣和雲林縣市) 為研究地區，採分層隨機抽樣，有效問卷為698份，回收率約71.0%。 結果：運輸業從業人員檳榔嚼食率22.0%，81.7%嚼食檳榔者亦有吸菸習慣。嚼食檳榔者認為與嚼食行為有關聯之職場因素－工作環境方面：「長途運輸」(81.1%)；工作性質和心理方面：「需要提神」(78.0%)、「工作時數長」(27.2%)、「壓力大、緊張」(26.4%)、「耗費體力」(17.3%)、「工作內容單調」(16.3%)等；工作危害因素：「長時間坐姿」(44.9%)和「重複性動作」(26.9%)會促使嚼食檳榔。邏輯式迴歸分析中發現嚼食檳榔者有喝酒習慣者和長時間坐姿，其嚼食檳榔之風險較高 (OR＝3.36, 95%CI＝1.01-11.18; OR＝5.31, 95%CI＝1.67-24.15)。 結論：運輸業從業人員中多數嚼食檳榔者亦有吸菸習慣，超過半數嚼食者會配合職場規定不吃檳榔，建議戒除嚼食檳榔之宣導活動可與戒菸活動並行，職場規定禁止嚼食檳榔和改善排班情形和調整工作內容，以降低檳榔嚼食率。

Objectives: This study was to investigate the prevalence of betel quid chewing and workplace relevant factors among transportation workers in central Taiwan. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was taken of residences in Changhua, Yunlin and Nantou, which have a higher prevalence of betel quid chewing in Taiwan. Six hundred ninety-eight transportation workers, recruited by a random stratified sampling, completed the interview (71.0%). Results: The prevalence of transportation workers’ chewing was 22.0%, and 81.7% of betel quid chewers were also cigarette smokers. A survey of factors relevant to the workplace revealed that the chewing transportation workers sustain betel quid use because of long-distance transportation (81.1%), stimulation to counteract boredom (78.0%), long working hours (27.2%), demands of physical strength (17.3%), stress and tension (26.4%), and unchanging routine work (16.3%). The chewing transportation workers mentioned that prolonged sitting (44.9%) and repetitive action (26.9%) made them continue to chew betel quid. In logistic regression, betel quid chewers with a drinking habit and prolonged sitting had a higher risk to chew betel quid (OR=3.36, 95%CI=1.01-11.18; OR=5.31, 95%CI=1.67-24.15). Conclusions: Most of the betel quid chewing transportation workers were also cigarette smokers. Around half of the chewers can obey the workplace prohibition to abstain from chewing betel quid. Regarding the results in this study, it is recommended to promote the abstention of both betel quid chewing and cigarette smoking. For the workplace, it is recommended to prohibit betel quid chewing at the workplaces, and regulate the working time and working matters to reduce chewers to use betel quid.