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題名:語境與典範--論John Pocock之方法論中的一些問題
書刊名:政治與社會哲學評論
作者:梁裕康 引用關係
作者(外文):Liang, Yu-kang
出版日期:2007
卷期:20
頁次:頁183-228
主題關鍵詞:語境主義弱主觀主義John PocockMark BevirContextualismWeak intentionalism
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 共同引用共同引用:8
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本文討論劍橋學派John Pocock的方法論中對於語境( context) 與意義間的關保是否合理。Pocock根據當代科學哲學以及語言學的發展,提出了文本意義必須由文本所處的語境所決定的看法。也就是說,若將文本視為作者與讀者間的溝通媒介,那麼掌握語境是正確理解作者原意的先決條件。然而Mark Bevir根據當代語言哲學家 Dona1d Davidson的理論,對這種所謂的「語境主義」(contextualism) 提出批評,認為Pocock過於強調語境的重要性,導致所謂的「詮釋的循環」(hermeneutic circe)的謬誤──讀者只能理解文本的字面意義、而非作者所要其實溝通的內容,因此語境不是文本意義「發現的邏輯」(logics of discovery ) ──意即既非決定文本意義的充分條件、也非必要條件。本文將論證:Bevir的批評忽略了對於作者的真實意圖仍須透過語言,而無法透過直觀的方式獲得理解,因此無法根本地去除語境的影響。
John Pocock, by reference to contemporary philosophy of science and linguistics, argues that the meaning of texts is determined by the outside context. If texts are seen as the media of communication between the authers and the readers, the full command of context is the precondtion of understanding what the authers really want to say. Mark Bevir, using Donald Davidson's theory in the philosophy of language, contends that the overemphasis on context in Pocock's methodology will commit the fallacy of "hermeneutic circle", that is, context is only relavent to the semantic meaning rather than the hermeneutic meaning of text, which is what the auther really what to communicate. Hence he concludes that Pocock's contextualism does not provide any "logics of discovery" of the real meaning of texts, since context is neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition in determining the meanings of texts. This article will try to show that Bevir's argument si1l insufficient to beat Pocock's methodology. Since language is a necessary means to recover auther's intention, context wi1l sti11 play some role when restoring the origina1 meaning of texts.
期刊論文
1.楊貞德(19971200)。歷史、論述與「語言」分析--波卡克[Pocock, John G. A.]之政治思想研究方法述要。中國文哲研究通訊,7(4)=28,151-179。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.Hampsher-Monk, Iain(1984)。Review Article: Political Languages in Time-The Work of J.G.A. Pocock。British Journal of Political Science,14(1),123-145。  new window
3.Pocock, J. G. A.(1979)。Reconstructing the Traditions: Quentin Skinner’s Historians’ History of Political Thought。Canadian Journal of Political and Social Theory,3(3),95-113。  new window
4.Pocock, J. G. A.(1981)。The Reconstruction of Discourse: Towards the Historiography of Political Thought。Modern Language Notes,96(5),959-980。  new window
5.Richter, Melvin(1990)。Reconstructing the History of Political Languages: Pocock, Skinner, and the Geschichtliche Grundbegriffe。History and Theory,29(1),38-70。  new window
6.Strawson, P. F.(1964)。Intention and Convention in Speech Acts。The Philosophical Review,73(4),439-460。  new window
7.陳瑞崇(19930300)。政治思想史「作為」什麼?--一項生態觀點的序言。東吳政治學報,2,315-351。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.梁裕康(2001)。《利維坦》及其當代之詮釋。二十一世紀(香港),68,142-150。new window  延伸查詢new window
9.Bevir, Mark(1994)。Are There Perennial Problems in Political Theory?。Political Studies,42,662-675。  new window
10.Davidson, Donald(1984)。Communication and Convention。Synthese,59,3-17。  new window
11.Boucher, David(1985)。Languages, Politics & Paradigms: Pocock and the Study of Political Thought。Polity,17(4),761-776。  new window
12.Bevir, Mark(1997)。Mind and Method in the History of Ideas。History and Theory,36,167-189。  new window
13.Bevir, Mark(1992)。The Error of Linguistic Contextualism。History and Theory,31,276-298。  new window
14.Bevir, Mark(2000)。The Logic of the History of Ideas。Rethinking History,4(3),295-300。  new window
15.Bevir, Mark(2000)。The Role of Contexts in Understanding and Explanation。Human Studies,23,395-411。  new window
16.Norval, Aletta J.(2000)。The Things We Do with Words: Contemporary Approaches to the Analysis of Ideology。British Journal of Political Science,30,313-346。  new window
17.Lane, Melissa(2002)。Why History of Ideas at All?。History of European Ideas,28,33-41。  new window
學位論文
1.李國揚(1996)。第一人稱權威及其密徑,0。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Palonen, Kari(2003)。Quentin Skinner: History, Politics, Rhetoric。Cambridge, MA:Malden, MA:Polity Press:Polity Press。  new window
2.Bevir, Mark(1999)。The Logic of the History of Ideas。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
3.Boucher, David(1985)。Texts in Context: Revisionist Methods of Studying the History of Ideas。Dordrecht, The Netherlands:Martinus Nijhoff Publishers。  new window
4.Ryle, Gilbert(2000)。The Concept of Mind。Chicago, IL:University of Chicago Press。  new window
5.Richter, Melvin(1995)。The History of Political and Social Concepts: A Critical Introduction。New York:Oxford University Press。  new window
6.Pocock, J. G. A.(1971)。Politics, Language, and Time: Essays on Political Thought and History。Politics, Language, and Time: Essays on Political Thought and History。NY:Atheneum。  new window
7.Culler, Jonathan D.(1986)。Ferdinand de Saussure。Ferdinand de Saussure。Ithaca, NY:Cornell University Press。  new window
8.Davidson, Donald Herbert(2001)。Essays on Actions and Events。New York:Oxford University Press。  new window
9.Skinner, Quentin(2002)。Visions of Politics: Regarding Method。Cambridge University Press。  new window
10.Wittgenstein, L.、Anscombe, G. E. M.(2001)。Philosophical Investigations。Oxford:Blackwell。  new window
11.Pocock, John Greville Agard(2003)。The Machiavellian Moment: Florentine Political Thought and the Atlantic Republican Tradition。Princeton:Princeton University Press。  new window
12.de Saussure Course, Ferdinand、Baskin, Wade、Culler, Jonathan(1974)。General Linguistics。Glasgow:Fontana/Collins。  new window
13.陳思賢(1999)。西洋政治思想史:古典世界篇。臺北:五南圖書出版股份有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
14.Rorty, Richard(1967)。The Linguistic Turn: Recent Essays in Philosophical Method。Chicago, Illinois:University of Chicago Press。  new window
15.Austin, John L.(1975)。How to Do Things with Words。Cambridge, MA:Oxford:Harvard University Press:Oxford UP。  new window
16.Gooch, George Peabody(1959)。History and Historians in the Nineteenth Century。Boston:Beacon Press。  new window
17.Kuhn, Thomas Samuel(1970)。The Structure of Scientific Revolutions。University of Chicago Press。  new window
18.Freeden, Michael(1996)。Ideologies and Political Theory。Ideologies and Political Theory。Oxford。  new window
19.(1956)。Philosophy, Politics and Society。Philosophy, Politics and Society。Oxford。  new window
20.Von Ranke, Leopold(1824)。Geschichte der Romanischen und Germanischen Völker von 1494 bis 1514。Geschichte der Romanischen und Germanischen Völker von 1494 bis 1514。0。  new window
21.Pocock, J. G. A.(1985)。Virtue, Commerce, and History: Essays on Political Thgouth and History, Chiefly in the Eighteenth Century。Virtue, Commerce, and History: Essays on Political Thgouth and History, Chiefly in the Eighteenth Century。Cambridge, UK/ New York, NY。  new window
22.LaCapra, Dominick(1989)。Soundings in Critical Theory。Soundings in Critical Theory。Ithaca, NY。  new window
23.Davies, Stephen(2003)。Empiricism and History。Empiricism and History。Houndmills, UK。  new window
24.Glock, Hans-Johann(2003)。Quine and Davidson on Language, Thought and Reality。Quine and Davidson on Language, Thought and Reality。Cambridge, UK/ New York, NY。  new window
25.Pocock, J. G. A.(1962)。The History of Political Thought: A Methodological Enquiry。Philosophy, Politics and Society: Second Series。Oxford, UK。  new window
26.Skinner, Quentin(1972)。Social Meaning' and the Explanation of Social Action。Philosophy, Politics and Society: Fourth Series。Oxford, UK。  new window
27.Dunn, John(1972)。The Identity of the History of Ideas。Philosophy, Politics and Society: Fourth Series。Oxford, UK。  new window
28.Davidson, Donald(1994)。The Social Aspect of Language。The Philosophy of Michael Dummett。Dordrecht, Netherlands。  new window
29.Richter, Melvin(2001)。A German Version of the 'Linguistic Turn': Reinhart Koselleck and the History of Political and Social Concepts (Begriffsgeschichte)。The History of Political Thought in National Context。Cambridge, UK/ New York, NY。  new window
圖書論文
1.Pocock, J. G. A.(1987)。The Concept of a Language and the métier d'historien: some considerations on practice。The Language of Political Theory in Early-Modern Europe。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
2.Pocock, J. G. A.(1980)。Political Ideas as Historical Events: Political Philosophers as Historical Actors。Political Theory and Political Education。Princeton:Princeton University Press。  new window
3.Pocock, J. G. A.(1984)。Texts as Events: Reflections on the History of Political Thought。Politics of Discourse: The Literature and History of Seventeenth-Century Britain。Berkeley:University of California Press。  new window
4.Davidson, Donald(1986)。A Nice Derangement of Epitaphs。Truth and Interpretation: Perspectives on the Philosophy of Donald Davidson。Oxford, UK:Blackwell。  new window
 
 
 
 
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