As in many other Austronesian cultures, music and dance is an inseparableevent in traditional Palau Society. Traditional dance of Palau, which functions asritualistic proceeding, social status, relationship building, and so on, that plays animportant role in Palau traditional society. Since late 19th century, more and morescholars interested in doing field research on Palau traditional culture. However,there are only few studies focus on or mention about traditional dance. Thus, thisarticle is going to focus on comparing the researches of YAMAGUTI, Osamu andBirgit Abels. From the description and analysis, to the different points of view, thisarticle points out the difficulties of identity establishing in field research, whichalso shows the lack of documents of traditional dance.