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題名:再探美國警政變革思維的變與不變--以信任關係及執法正當性為核心
書刊名:警察行政管理學報
作者:李宗勳
作者(外文):Li, Tzung-shiun
出版日期:2016
卷期:12
頁次:頁101-120
主題關鍵詞:警政變革社區警政國際警察首長協會信任關係執法正當性Police reformCommunity policingThe International Association of Chiefs of PoliceIACPTrust relationEnforcement legitimacy
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:3
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:5
美國總統特設專案小組21世紀警政報告書(Final Report of the President's TaskForce on 21st Century Policing)特別強調建立信任與正當性是當前警政變革的核心與關鍵,而2015國際警察首長協會(IACP)中芝加哥市長與警察局局長宣布「新的購回計畫使槍枝遠離街頭」與「向幫派叩應」的創新方案,美國總統Obama在2015國際警察首長協會閉幕典禮演講強調1.確保警察機關的執法資源充足、2.刑事司法的改革將帶來更多的智慧與公正、3.降低員警執勤的風險,改革槍枝管制法律等三項議題。芝加哥市長宣布2016年1月1日開始,城市內的警察接受民眾報案前往現場時,警車內至少必須攜帶一支電擊槍,同時也加強警員使用電擊槍訓練,避免造成不必要的傷亡。這些警政思維在社區警政也有所牽動更新,社區警政是率先改革過去典型由警察被動地去處理犯罪、逮捕罪犯,轉型為主動地降低社區內犯罪的警政變革。Robert Friedmann博士經過20年的實驗經驗,最先把社區警政研究焦點從消極處理犯罪,移轉到積極改變犯罪發生因素上的學者。SteveDye呼籲現在是更多一點承諾於社區警政的時刻,從中讓更多社區成員視警方為合法且程序正義的執法者,透過與市民人際互動的實行,同步讓執法人員更人性化。此外,針對「如何服務與保護那些曾服務過與保護過我們的人」此一議題,社區警政議題聚焦在退伍軍人身上,為社區退伍軍人與他們的家庭,提供自殺防治、藥物治療、教育、轉介,精神諮商的社區協助。美國這些變革與創新方案均環繞在社區警政、族群衝突與調和、社會大眾信任與犯罪防制的翻轉及協力等範疇;顯示美國警政思維的「變」表現於犯罪預防與控制的策略及工具選擇,而「不變」的是如何爭取社會大眾的信任與確保民主法治的個人自由與國家安全之核心價值。亟待針對美國警政變革思維、策略與創新方案進行再探與省思,以便做為我國警政尋求變革的觀照及參考。
"Final Report of the President's Task Force on 21st Century Policing" emphasize police reform focus on trust relation and enforcement legitimacy. 2015 The International Association of Chiefs of Police(IACP), this year's host police department, the City of Chicago, Chicago Police Superintendent Garry McCarthy & Mayor Rahm Emanuel talk about law enforcement philosophies with both reducing Gun Violence and Gang Call-in. President Obama addressed the closing ceremony of IACP, including the challenging year law enforcement has had- and what the President is doing to support law enforcement legislatively. Community policing is the first reform of the police in the past typically passively to deal with crime, arrest criminals, transforming to change policing initiative reducing crime from the community. Steve Dye in "It's Time- A Commitment to Community Policing" paper, encouraging through community policing, the police and the community predicate their relationship on being united and not as opposing forces to one another- treating each other with dignity and respect in every interaction every day. Mike Masterson in "Serving and Protecting Those Who Served and Protected Us" paper, emphasize community policing initiative to support military veterans is an exemplary model to be shared and copied by other communities across the United States and around the world. It’s urgent to revisit and reflex the change and unchange of American police reform thinking, strategy , innovation program, for our country police reform have the way seeking to benchmarking and reference.
期刊論文
1.李宗勳(2012)。透過公民投入重新界定警政服務。新北警聲,6,8-10。  延伸查詢new window
2.刁建生(2015)。2015年出訪報告--紀要與見聞。警大雙月刊,182,2-7。  延伸查詢new window
3.陳連禎、沈明昌(20151100)。從《老子》的治理觀論社區警政。警學叢刊,46(3)=223,1-16。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.Dye, S.(201510)。It’s time: A commitment to community policing。The Police Chief,82,28-35。  new window
5.Friedmann, R.(201510)。Broken windows and policing。The Police Chief,82,60-68。  new window
6.Miket, M.(201510)。Serving and Protecting Those Who Served and Protected Us。The Police Chief,82,50-59。  new window
會議論文
1.張淵菘、章光明、陳明傳(2011)。建國百年警察功能之回顧與前瞻。建國百年治安、警政變革與展望學術研討會。桃園:中央警察大學行政警察學系暨警察政策研究所。61-78。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.President's Task Force on 21st Century Policing(2015)。Final Report of the President's Task Force on 21st Century Policing。Washington, DC:Office of Community Oriented Policing Services。  new window
圖書
1.陳連禎(2014)。社區警政。臺北:臺灣警察專科學校。  延伸查詢new window
2.葉毓蘭(1999)。警民共治的新警政--社區改善治安的策略聯盟模式。行政院國科會。  延伸查詢new window
3.陳明傳(1993)。論社區警政的發展。桃園:中央警察大學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.IACP(2015)。Chicago Police Department Profile, IACP TV profiles this year’s host police department, the City of Chicago. IACP TV exclusively sat down to talk about law enforcement philosophies with both Chicago Police Superintendent Garry McCarthy & Mayor Rahm Emanuel,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BM1GbBKmJV4。  new window
2.IACP(20151027)。Obama Speaks To Police Chiefs In Chicago: Full Speech,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rv3nCTp4FG0。  new window
 
 
 
 
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