English Word Length Effects and the Chinese Character-Word Difference: Truth or Myth﹖_

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題名：	English Word Length Effects and the Chinese Character-Word Difference: Truth or Myth﹖
書刊名：	中華心理學刊
作者：	方聖平
作者(外文)：	Fang, Sheng-ping
出版日期：	1994
卷期：	36:1
頁次：	頁59-80
主題關鍵詞：	詞長效應；字、詞效應；腦側化；左視界；右視界；文字知覺；Word-length effect；Chinese character-word difference in laterality patterns；Hemispheric lateralization；LVF；RVF；Word perception
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:3 共同引用:0 點閱:42

　　　　　本研究探討兩種現象之間的關係。一種現象是，中文雙字詞通常表現左腦優勢，而單字較易表現右腦優勢；另一現象是，英文單字所含字母愈多，左腦優勢愈強。實驗一使用中文雙字詞、三字詞、四字詞和五字詞做材料，觀察左、右視界的詞長效應。結果雖然發現了詞長效應，卻沒有腦側化現象。實驗二採用使用率稍高的中文雙字詞與四字詞做材料，雖觀察到左腦優勢，卻無詞長效應。實驗三使用雙成分與四成分的中文單字做材料，雖然發現了詞長效應與右腦優勢，但兩者間並無交互作用。本研究的結果無法支持 Ellis，Young 與 Anderson （ 1988 ）的文字辨認模式，說左、右腦的認字方式不同；也無法支持中文「字詞效應」的確有其事。

以文找文

　　　　　This study explored the relationship between two phenomena: greater right visual field (RVF) superiorities for longer English words and the Chinese character-word difference in laterality patterns. Experiment 1 examined the laterality patterns of Chinese 2- to 5-character lower-frequency words and found only a length effect. Experiment 2 examined the laterality patterns of 2- and 4-character higher-frequency words and found only a RVF advantage. Experiment 3 examined the laterality patterns of 2- and 4-component compound characters and found both a length effect and a RVF advantage. The results failed to support Ellis, Young, and Anderson's (1988) model of different modes of word recognition in the two cerebral hemispheres, and questioned the existence of the Chinese character-word difference in laterality patterns.

以文找文

期刊論文
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7.	Bradshaw, J. L.、Nettleton, N. C.(1981)。The nature of hemispheric specialization in man。The Behavioral and Brain Sciences，4，51-91。
8.	Bryden, M. P.(1970)。Left-right differences in tachistoscopic recognition as a function of familiarity and pattern orientation。Journal of Experimental Psychology，84，120-122。
9.	Bub, D. N.、Lewine, J.(1988)。Different modes of word recognition in the left and right visual fields。Brain and Language，33，161-188。
10.	Bryden, M. P.、Allard, F.(1976)。Visual hemifield differences depend upon typeface。Brain and Language，3，191-200。
11.	Ellis, A. W.、Young, A. W.、Anderson, C.(1988)。Modes of word recognition in the left and right cerebral hemispheres。Brain and Language，35，254-273。
12.	Fontenot, D. J.(1973)。Visual field differences in the recognition of verbal and nonverbal stimuli in man。Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology，85，564-569。
13.	Elman, J. L.、Takahashi, K.、Tohsaku, Y. H.(1981)。Lateral asymmetries for the identification of concrete and abstract kanji。Neuropsychologia，19，407-412。
14.	Fang, S. P.、Wu, P.(1989)。Illusory conjunctions in the perception of Chinese characters。Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance，15，434-447。
15.	Hatta, T.(1977)。Recognition of Japanese Kanji in the left and right visual fields。Neuropsychologia，15，685-688。
16.	Hatta, T.(1976)。Asynchrony of lateral onset as a factor in difference in visual field。Perceptual & Motor Skills，42，163-166。
17.	Hardyck, C.、Tzeng, O. J. L.、Wang, W. S-Y.(1978)。Cerebral lateralization effects in visual half-field experiments。Nature，269，705-707。
18.	Hatta, T.(1978)。Recognition of Japanese kanji and hiragana in the left and right visual-fields。Japanese Psychological Research，20，51-59。
19.	Hatta, T.(1981)。Different stages of Kanji processing and their relations to functional hemisphere asymmetries。Japanese Psychological Research，23，27-36。
20.	Hayashi, R.、Hatta, T.(1978)。Hemispheric differences in mental rotation task with kanji stimuli。Psychologia，21，210-215。
21.	Hirata, K.、Osaka, R.(1967)。Tachistoscopic recognition of Japanese letter materials in left and right visual fields。Psychologia，10，7-18。
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26.	Melville, J. P.(1957)。Word length as a factor in differential recognition。American Journal of Psychology，70，316-318。
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28.	Nguy, T. V. H.、Allard, F. A.、Bryden, M. P.(1980)。Laterality effects for Chinese characters: Differences between pictorial and nonpictorial characters。Canadian Journal of Psychology，34，270-273。
29.	Patterson, K.、Bradshaw, J. L.(1975)。Differential hemisphere mediation of nonverbal visual stimuli。Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance，1，245-252。
30.	Sasanuma, S.、Itoh, M.、Kobayashi, Y.、Mori, K.(1980)。The nature of the task//Stimulus interaction in the tachistoscopic recognition of kana and kanji words。Brain and Language，9，298-306。
31.	Schiepers, C.(1980)。Response latency and accuracy in visual word recognition。Perception and Psychophysics，27，71-81。
32.	Schwartz, S.、Montagner, S.、Kirsner, K.(1987)。Are there different methods of lexical access for words presented in the left and right visual fields?。Brain and Language，31，301-307。
33.	Segalowitz, J. J.、Bebout, L. J.、Lederman, S. J.(1979)。Lateralization for reading musical chords: disentangling symbolic, analytic and phonological aspects of reading。Brain and Language，8，315-323。
34.	Seidenberg, M. S.(1985)。The time course of phonological code activation in two writing systems。Cognition，19，1-30。
35.	Tsao, Y. -C.、Wu, M. -F.、Feustel, T.(1981)。Stroop interference: Hemispheric difference in Chinese speakers。Brain and Language，13，372-378。
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38.	White, M. J.(1971)。Visual hemifield differences in the perception of letters and contour orientation。Canadian Journal of Psychology，25，207-212。
39.	Young, A. W.、Ellis, A. W.(1985)。Different methods of lexical access for words presented in the left and right visual hemifields。Brain and Language，24，326-358。
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研究報告
1.	Wu, J. T.、Liu, I. M.(1987)。Frequency Counts of Chinese Words, Characters, and Mono-syllables (計畫編號：NSC 75-0301-H002-24)。Tapei：National Science Council, Executive Yuan。

學位論文
1.	Lien, Y. W.(1985)。The reading process of Chinese character: The activation of phonetic information in the phonogram(碩士論文)。National Taiwan University。

圖書
1.	Chuang, C.-J.、Wang, S.-C.、Liu, I.-M.(1975)。Frequency Count of 40,000 Chinese Words。臺北：Lucky Books Co.。
2.	National Institute for Compilation and Translation(1967)。A Study on the High Frequency Words Used in Chinese Elementary School Reading Materials。Taipei, Taiwan：Chung Hwa Book Co. Ltd.。

單篇論文
1.	Cheng, C.-M.，Chen, S.-C.(1991)。Effects of simplification on the reading and writing of Chinese characters。

圖書論文
1.	Fang, S. P.、Horng, R. Y.、Tzeng, O. J. L.(1986)。Consistency effects in the Chinese character and pseudo-character naming tasks。Linguistics, psychology, and the Chinese Language。Hong Kong：University of Hong Kong Press。
2.	Hasuike, R.、Tzeng, O.、Hung, D.(1986)。Script effects and cerebral lateralization: the case of Chinese characters。Language processing in bilinguals: Psycholinguistic and neuropsychological perspectives。New Jersey：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。
3.	Tzeng, O. J. L.、Hung, D. L.(1988)。Cerebral organization: Clues from scriptal effects on lateralization。Cognitive aspects of the Chinese language。Hong Kong：Asian Research Service。

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