本文探討梵「中」關係的交往與未來的互動關係。自從一九五七年「中國天主教 友愛國會」的成立，標誌著中共基本上已完成對中國大陸天主教會的改造和控制，並切斷了 大陸天主教會與羅馬教廷的聯繫與隸屬關係。這是一個歷史性的悲劇與錯誤。近年來梵「中 」建交的呼聲，逐漸昇高；但雙方關係不僅是一個政治問題，也是一個宗教問題。在探討雙 方是否達成建立外交關係時，特別對中國大陸「地下教會」的基本立場深入分析，從而得知 若未來梵「中」建交中國大陸的地下教會的存在，必將是一個有力的阻礙者。在結論中，也 論及到當前天主教會中時有呼聲要求教廷下放權力，讓中國大陸教會適應自己的情況，選出 自己的主教。

　　　　　This paper examines the interaction between the Vatican and Beijing and the possible future development of relations between the two. After having basically reformed and controlled mainland China's Catholic Church, the Chinese Communists established the "China Patriotic Catholic Association" in 1957, cutting down its connection to and affiliation with the Holy See. Such an arrangement is a historical tragedy and a clear mistake. In recent years, there have been calls for the resumption of diplomatic relations between Beijing and Vatican. However, such a move would involve both political and religious issues. The continued existence of the "underground church" in mainland China would be a great obstacle to the normalization of relations between the two, considering the fact that the basic stance of the underground Catholic church is intolerable to the Chinese Communist authorities. People who advocate the universalization of Catholicism suggest that the Holy See relegate its power to mainland China's Catholic Church, allowing teh local clergy to run their churches in line with the practical need in mainland China.